{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T05:44:21Z","timestamp":1775886261171,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiotherapy Res Intl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Upper extremity impairment is one of the complications in hemiplegic children. The purpose of modified constraint\u2010induced movement therapy (mCIMT) is to improve the function of impaired arms and hands in these children. This study compared the efficacy of mCIMT and the approach of neurodevelopmental therapy (NDT) on reaching capacity in children with spastic hemiplegia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010two spastic hemiplegic children ranging in age from four to 6\u00a0years were selected for this study from an outpatient clinic and biomechanical lab (Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, KSA). They were randomly divided into two experimental groups: group I received NDT and group II received mCIMT for the involved upper limb and restriction of the uninvolved arm movements for 12\u00a0weeks (three times per week). Both groups received a conventional exercise program in addition to experimental one. Active elbow extension range of motion and three\u2010dimensional motion analysis of the reaching task were measured before and after 3\u00a0months of treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant enhancement in all pre\u2010treatment and post\u2010treatment outcomes was observed in both groups by a two\u2010way mixed MANOVA; furthermore, Group II (mCIMT) showed the most significant improvement (elbow extension, percentage of reach to peak velocity, movement time and movement units) when comparing the post\u2010treatment outcomes between the two groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Implication for Physiotherapy Practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>Addition of mCIMT to a conventional exercise was superior to adding NDT exercise therapy in promoting the performance of reaching pattern in hemiplegic children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.2069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T19:39:47Z","timestamp":1704742787000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Modified\u2010constraint movement induced therapy versus neuro\u2010developmental therapy on reaching capacity in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Radwa S.","family":"Abdul\u2010Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics Faculty of Physical Therapy Cairo University  Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics and Pediatrics Surgery College of Physical Therapy Badr University in Cairo  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadia L.","family":"Radwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics Faculty of Physical Therapy Cairo University  Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University  Saudi Arabia Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bassam A.","family":"El\u2010Nassag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy for Neurology Cairo University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wafaa Mahmoud","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Sciences for Physical Therapy Faculty of Physical Therapy Cairo University  Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy College of Applied Medical Sciences Jazan University  Saudi Arabia Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1812-651X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mostafa S.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy for Pediatrics Faculty of Physical Therapy Cairo University  Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"Department of physical therapy for Pediatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy October 6 University  6 October City Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.28.774"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2021.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12195"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2012.002386"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2004.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2012.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3182172276"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000852"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","first-page":"197","volume-title":"Hand function in the child foundations for remediation","author":"Exner C. 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