{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:09:24Z","timestamp":1790111364670,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiotherapy Res Intl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fibromyalgia (FM) is associated with altered descending pain modulatory pathways, which can be assessed through Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM). In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between CPM and self\u2010reported baseline characteristics in patients with fibromyalgia. We also performed a longitudinal analysis exploring CPM as a potential predictor of clinical improvement over time in individuals with FM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed cross\u2010sectional univariable and multivariable analyses of the relationship between CPM and other variables in 41 FM patients. We then performed longitudinal analyses, building linear mixed\u2010effects models with pain in the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) as the dependent variable, and testing for the interaction between time and CPM. We also tested the interaction between CPM and time in models using other outcomes, such as the revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and Quality of Life Scale (QOLs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found no association between CPM and other demographic and clinical variables in the univariable analysis. We found a statistically significant association in the multivariable linear regression model between CPM and the QOLs at the baseline after controlling for age, sex, and duration of symptoms. In the longitudinal analyses, we found that CPM is an effect modifier for clinical improvement over time for the pain VAS, QOLs, and FIQR: individuals with low\u2010efficient CPM at the baseline have a different (improved) pattern of response over time when compared to those with high\u2010efficient CPM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that CPM is not a reliable biomarker of clinical manifestations in chronic pain patients during cross\u2010sectional assessments. However, our results are consistent with previous findings that CPM can be used to predict the evolution of clinical pain over time. We expect that our findings will help in the selection of patients with the best profile to respond to specific interventions and assist clinicians in tailoring pain treatments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.2072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T06:21:00Z","timestamp":1707286860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cross\u2010sectional and longitudinal analysis of conditioned pain modulation and pain in fibromyalgia: CPM as an effect modifier of pain changes over time"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"Castelo\u2010Branco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7166-2816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Pacheco\u2010Barrios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola Vicerrectorado de Investigaci\u00f3n Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n para la Generaci\u00f3n y S\u00edntesis de Evidencias en Salud  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Cardenas\u2010Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo S.","family":"de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna C.","family":"Gianlorenco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Laboratory of neuroscience Federal University of Sao Carlos  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Gonzalez\u2010Mego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Marduy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emad S.","family":"Shaik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolnei","family":"Caumo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pain &amp; Neuromodulation Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Fregni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromodulation Center and Center for Clinical Research Learning Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272\u20107358(88)90050\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2783"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720x11416863"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477\u20107525\u20101\u201060"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751\u20100473\u20103\u201017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165\u20101781(89)90047\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12732"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102019\u2010032710"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2014.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24538"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Pain assessment: Global use of the brief pain inventory","volume":"23","author":"Cleeland C. S.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annals Academy of Medicine Singapore"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2020.105127"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955\u2010017\u20100690\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2019.1104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891\u2010016\u20101124\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001664"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","first-page":"976","article-title":"Depressed mood impedes pain treatment response in patients with fibromyalgia","volume":"31","author":"Finset A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2016.01.472"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067\u2010019\u201004749\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2374373518786013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136\u2010018\u20101842\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078889"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210\u2010200923020\u201000002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2019.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18773\/austprescr.2017.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis\u20102016\u2010209724"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2005.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ajp.0000000000000296"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aes578"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665\u20109913(21)00032\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2010.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2020.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12862"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413483930"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526\u20104637.2012.01475.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584\u2010020\u201000506\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477\u20107525\u20109\u201071"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnab124"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2049463720920760"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/11660"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2021.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain\u20102020\u20100016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.05.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2020.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102474\u201014\u2010182"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/hpr.2020.8874"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20531"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477\u20107525\u20108\u201057"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2049463718776336"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32833c348b"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2010.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.02.021"}],"container-title":["Physiotherapy Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pri.2072","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T07:38:42Z","timestamp":1714117122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pri.2072"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pri.2072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pri.2072","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1358-2267","1471-2865"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1358-2267","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2865","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2072"}}