{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T06:57:30Z","timestamp":1788159450732,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88887.663238\/2022\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.663238\/2022\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["303614\/2023\u20104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303614\/2023\u20104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004809","name":"Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01.24.0116.00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01.24.0116.00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiotherapy Res Intl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accurate assessment of upper limb motor function is critical for guiding effective rehabilitation strategies in stroke survivors. The Fugl\u2010Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity (FMA\u2010UE) is a widely used clinical tool, yet it is time\u2010consuming and subject to inter\u2010patient variability. A low\u2010cost, computer vision\u2010based exergame was developed to provide a remote rehabilitation alternative that also enables motor assessment. This approach represents a promising alternative for scalable and objective assessment, but requires validation. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary validity of a computer vision\u2010based exergame system for assessing upper limb motor function in individual post\u2010stroke. Specifically, it investigates correlations between kinematic features derived from gameplay and FMA\u2010UE scores. It is expected that gameplay\u2010derived metrics, such as range of motion, jitter index, and average hand angle, will show moderate to strong correlations with the FMA\u2010UE, supporting the exergame's potential as a remote assessment tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a cross\u2010sectional feasibility and preliminary concurrent validity pilot study with 15\u201330 individuals with chronic stroke. Participants will perform a markerless camera\u2010based exergame producing pseudo\u20103D hand coordinates using MediaPipe\u2010based hand tracking. Kinematic features, including range of motion, average hand angle, and jitter index, will be extracted from gameplay. Each participant will also be evaluated using the FMA\u2010UE by a certified therapist. Correlation and regression analyses will assess the relationship between exergame metrics and clinical scores. Usability will be assessed using the System Usability Scale (SUS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We expect moderate to strong correlations between selected gameplay metrics and FMA\u2010UE scores, particularly for range of motion, average hand angle, total traveled distance, jitter index, and score. The system is also expected to demonstrate high usability, indicating its feasibility for broader use in rehabilitation settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>If validated, the proposed exergame may serve as an accessible and scalable digital tool to support future development of objective assessment tools in stroke rehabilitation, potentially reducing clinical workload and enabling remote evaluations. A future large\u2010scale study will evaluate test\u2013retest reliability, longitudinal responsiveness, and home\u2010based implementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.70237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T11:44:32Z","timestamp":1779795872000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["AI\u2010Based Exergaming as a Digital Assessment Tool for Post\u2010Stroke Upper\u2010Limb Function: Protocol for a Feasibility Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1521-5680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00falia Tann\u00fas de","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1968-230X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline Valentini de","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0800-065X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Hil\u00e1rio da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Brazil"},{"name":"Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology Goiano (IF Goiano)  Cristalina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8330-8881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo Santos","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4175-723X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo L\u00e1zaro Martins","family":"Naves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE\u20102009\u20100497"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1539449219829862"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16245144"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/33745"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197383"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2015.07.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2891606"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781498710411\u201035"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00715.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASI.2017.7988517"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20070186"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/63.10.1606"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197771331"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154596802401105171"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","unstructured":"Google Mediapipe.Google for Developers.2024. 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