{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:10:58Z","timestamp":1786122658227,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiotherapy Res Intl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to motor and neuromuscular impairments, with the rigid\u2010akinetic (RA) subtype progressing more rapidly and affecting daily activities and balance. Beyond medication, strength training can improve disease severity and muscle function. However, research on land\u2010based and aquatic physiotherapy for the RA subtype is limited. The objective of the study was to describe and compare the effects of 12\u00a0weeks of land\u2010based physiotherapy (LP) and aquatic physiotherapy (AP) on the motor function of individuals with rigid\u2010akinetic PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty individuals with rigid\u2010akinetic PD were allocated to two groups (LP and AP) and participated in a 12\u2010week intervention. Motor function was assessed using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale\u2014Part III (UPDRS III) (primary outcome). Secondary outcomes included trunk strength (explosive and maximal), functional capacity, mobility, flexibility, and balance, assessed through the rate of torque development (RTD) and peak torque (PT) using an isokinetic dynamometer, the Sit\u2010to\u2010Stand test (STS), Timed Up and Go (TUG), the Sit\u2010and\u2010Reach test (SR), and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both LP and AP groups showed no significant changes in UPDRS III, RTD, PT, or TUG, while STS, SR, and BBS showed significant interactions over time (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). RTD intervals between 100 and 300\u00a0ms, as well as STS and TUG, were significantly linearly associated with UPDRS scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results indicate that while motor function and explosive and maximal muscle strength were not significantly affected by the interventions, functional capacity and balance improved, highlighting the importance of continuing physical training as an integral component of rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Clinical trial registration data are publicly accessible at\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      under the identifier NCT05866120.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.70269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T11:19:08Z","timestamp":1782731948000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Effects of Land\u2010Based and Aquatic Physiotherapy on Functional and Neuromuscular Outcomes in the Rigid\u2010Akinetic Subtype of Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7300-1145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9ssica Saccol Borin","family":"Aita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences Universidade Federal de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6537-8872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Strey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9464-2156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruna","family":"Frata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences Universidade Federal de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5381-9583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liziane 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