{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:25:59Z","timestamp":1791563159165,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiotherapy Res Intl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background & Purpose<\/jats:title>\n Patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with saphenous vein harvesting are at increased risk of impaired lower extremity perfusion and wound\u2010related complications. Buerger\u2013Allen exercises have been proposed to improve peripheral circulation; however, evidence supporting their effectiveness following CABG remains limited. This study evaluated the effect of Buerger\u2013Allen exercises as an adjunct to phase I cardiac rehabilitation on lower extremity perfusion and wound healing in diabetic patients undergoing CABG.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 60 diabetic patients undergoing CABG with saphenous vein harvesting. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention group receiving standard phase I cardiac rehabilitation plus Buerger\u2013Allen exercises (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a030) or a control group receiving standard rehabilitation alone (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a030). The primary outcome was ankle\u2010brachial index (ABI). Secondary outcomes included wound healing disturbances and peripheral ankle swelling. Postoperative ABI was analyzed using two\u2010way repeated\u2010measures ANOVA, whereas categorical outcomes were analyzed using Fisher's exact test or the Chi\u2010squared test.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A significant effect of time on ABI was observed (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.004), whereas neither the group effect (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.754) nor the group\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0time interaction (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.711) was statistically significant. An earlier resolution of mild wound\u2010related pain was observed on postoperative day 3 in the intervention group (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.038); however, no between\u2010group differences were present on postoperative day 5. No intervention\u2010related adverse events were reported.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n Buerger\u2013Allen exercises were safe and feasible during early postoperative rehabilitation but did not provide additional improvement in lower extremity perfusion beyond standard rehabilitation during the 5\u2010day postoperative period. The isolated improvement in wound\u2010related pain should be interpreted cautiously.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Buerger\u2013Allen exercises did not significantly improve the primary outcome of lower extremity perfusion following CABG. Although they appeared safe and were associated with transient improvement in wound\u2010related pain, further adequately powered studies with longer follow\u2010up are required to determine whether clinically meaningful benefits exist.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n This study was prospectively registered in the Clinical Trial Registry India (CTRI\/2023\/10\/058535)<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.70308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:25:49Z","timestamp":1785432349000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of Buerger\u2013Allen Exercises on Lower Extremity Perfusion in Diabetes Mellitus Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting With Saphenous Vein Harvesting: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5928-3899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neha","family":"Thakare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular & Respiratory Physiotherapy MGM Institute of Physiotherapy Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7416-4663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manish Prannath","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular & Respiratory Physiotherapy Datta Meghe College of Physiotherapy Nagpur Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7993-759X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vaibhav","family":"Kapre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular & Respiratory Physiotherapy MGM Institute of Physiotherapy Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/2349\u20103933.ijam20233565"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.gim.0000196315.32179.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30643\/jiksht.v17i1.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047\u2010019\u20100350\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojn.2015.52014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0003\u20104975(01)03047\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","volume-title":"First South Asia Ed. 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