{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:07:13Z","timestamp":1760954833371},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,31]],"date-time":"2006-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3164,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Physiotherapy Res Intl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with airway obstruction may spontaneously breathe with a positive expiratory pressure by pursing their lips during expiration, especially in case of dyspnea. Dyspnea seems to be related to increased activity of the respiratory muscles. A potential explanation for the use of pursed lips breathing (PLB) is that this type of breathing leads to a reduction of respiratory muscle activity. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of breathing with a positive expiratory pressure of 5cm H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, <jats:italic>simulating pursed lips breathing (SPLB), on respiratory muscle activity and pulmonary function during induced airway obstruction<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In twelve asthmatic patients, tonic and phasic electromyographic (EMG) activity of the following muscles was obtained: scalene muscle, parasternal muscle, and abdominal muscles. Pulmonary function and EMG measurements were performed before and after propranolol induced airway obstruction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Simulated pursed lips breathing resulted in a significant increase of functional residual capacity and tidal volume both at baseline and during airway obstruction. Phasic respiratory muscle activity during PEP breathing increased especially at baseline. We conclude that beneficial effects of breathing with a positive expiratory pressure of 5cm H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, <jats:italic>which is similar to pursed lips breathing, cannot be explained by changes in respiratory muscle activity or pulmonary function<\/jats:italic>. Copyright \u00a9 1997 Whurr Publishers Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.98","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,31]],"date-time":"2006-03-31T11:47:01Z","timestamp":1143805621000},"page":"167-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Respiratory muscle activity and pulmonary function during acutely induced airways obstruction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Cees P","family":"van der Schans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wietze","family":"de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerrie","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dirkje S","family":"Postma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerard H","family":"Ko\u00ebter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas W","family":"van der Mark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"762","article-title":"Definition and classification of chronic bronchitis, asthma, and pulmonary emphysema","volume":"85","author":"American Thoracic Society Committee on Diagnostic Standards","year":"1962","journal-title":"American Review of Respiratory Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198609001-00080"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.1.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.98.2.298"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.98.2.263"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1977.tb01448.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(88)90973-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1981.51.6.1552","article-title":"Activity of respiratory muscles in upright and recumbent humans","volume":"51","author":"Druz WS","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/139.6.1390"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"Effect of pursed lips expiration on the pulmonary pressure\u2010flow relationship in obstructive lung disease","volume":"96","author":"Ingram RH","year":"1967","journal-title":"American Reviews of Respiratory Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1982.tb02344.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"812","article-title":"Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on respiratory mechanics and pattern of breathing in induced asthma","volume":"126","author":"Martin JG","year":"1982","journal-title":"American Review of Respiratory Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"A285","article-title":"Pattern of breathing during leg cycle endurance exercise (LEE) in normal subjects","volume":"149","author":"Mercer K","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1970.28.6.784"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"564","article-title":"The effect of air flow and oral pressure on the mechanics of breathing in patients with asthma and emphysema","volume":"90","author":"Schmidt RW","year":"1964","journal-title":"American Reviews of Respiratory Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.65.4.1488","article-title":"Impact of PEEP on the lung mechanics and work of breathing in severe airflow obstruction","volume":"65","author":"Smith TC","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"A141","article-title":"Factors associated with spontaneous pursed lips breathing in patients with COPD","volume":"149","author":"Spahija J","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"TammelingGJ.Standard values for lung volumes and ventilatory capacity of sanatorium patients. 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