{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:35:27Z","timestamp":1791336927198,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,18]],"date-time":"2013-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R01 AI067858"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI067858"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R21 AI090149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 AI090149"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01 AI099489"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI099489"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008569","name":"OCAST","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["HR10-128S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HR10-128S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Protein Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The\n                    <jats:italic>Shigella flexneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    Type III secretion system (T3SS) senses contact with human intestinal cells and injects effector proteins that promote pathogen entry as the first step in causing life threatening bacillary dysentery (shigellosis). The\n                    <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Type III secretion apparatus (T3SA) consists of an anchoring basal body, an exposed needle, and a temporally assembled tip complex. Exposure to environmental small molecules recruits IpaB, the first hydrophobic translocator protein, to the maturing tip complex. IpaB then senses contact with a host cell membrane, forming the translocon pore through which effectors are delivered to the host cytoplasm. Within the bacterium, IpaB exists as a heterodimer with its chaperone IpgC; however, IpaB's structural state following secretion is unknown due to difficulties isolating stable protein. We have overcome this by coexpressing the IpaB\/IpgC heterodimer and isolating IpaB by incubating the complex in mild detergents. Interestingly, preparation of IpaB with\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010octyl\u2010oligo\u2010oxyethylene (OPOE) results in the assembly of discrete oligomers while purification in\n                    <jats:italic>N,N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010dimethyldodecylamine\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010oxide (LDAO) maintains IpaB as a monomer. In this study, we demonstrate that IpaB tetramers penetrate phospholipid membranes to allow a size\u2010dependent release of small molecules, suggesting the formation of discrete pores. Monomeric IpaB also interacts with liposomes but fails to disrupt them. From these and additional findings, we propose that IpaB can exist as a tetramer having inherent flexibility, which allows it to cooperatively interact with and insert into host cell membranes. This event may then lay the foundation for formation of the\n                    <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    T3SS translocon pore.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.2245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,4]],"date-time":"2013-03-04T19:35:07Z","timestamp":1362425707000},"page":"614-627","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Oligomeric states of the\n                    <i>Shigella<\/i>\n                    translocator protein IpaB provide structural insights into formation of the type III secretion translocon"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Nicholas E.","family":"Dickenson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamal P.","family":"Choudhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip R.","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan M.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta B.","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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