{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:54:49Z","timestamp":1786978489083,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005788","name":"Medizinische Universit\u00e4t Wien","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005788","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Protein Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Usutu virus belongs to the Japanese encephalitis serogroup within the\n                    <jats:italic>Flaviviridae<\/jats:italic>\n                    family. Mammals may become incidental hosts after the bite of an infected mosquito while birds act as the main reservoir. Human cases have become more common recently and elicit various outcomes ranging from asymptomatic to severe illness including encephalitis. Problematically, antisera against Usutu virus cross\u2010react with other flaviviruses such as the co\u2010circulating West Nile virus. As an approach to generate Usutu virus\u2010specific antibodies, we immunized chickens with purified Usutu virus envelope protein domain III, isolated the spleen mRNA and generated an scFv phage display library. The most potent binders for Usutu virus domain III were selected via biopanning and their affinity to domain III was examined using SPR. Four scFvs bound the domain III of Usutu virus in the nanomolar region; two bound the protein over 40 times more strongly than West Nile virus domain III. We further characterized these scFv antibodies for suitability in standard laboratory tests such as western blots, ELISA, and neutralization tests. Four specific and one cross\u2010reactive antibody performed well in western blots with domain III and the full\u2010length envelope protein of Usutu virus and West Nile virus. All antibodies bound in virus ELISA assays to Usutu virus strain Vienna\u20102001. However, none of the antibodies neutralized either Usutu virus or West Nile virus. These antibody candidates could be crucial in future diagnostic tests to distinguish Usutu virus from other flaviviruses and might even offer virus neutralization after a conversion to Fab or IgG.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,23]],"date-time":"2020-08-23T10:05:05Z","timestamp":1598177105000},"page":"2175-2188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Development and characterization of specific\n                    <scp>anti\u2010Usutu<\/scp>\n                    virus chicken\u2010derived single chain variable fragment antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9141-3163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amelie Karin Josephine","family":"Schoenenwald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Perutz Labs Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter  Vienna 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for Glycomics Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus  Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8865-5500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Skern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Perutz Labs Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter  Vienna 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