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Chitinases mediate the penetration of parasite through the peritrophic membrane, facilitating access to the gut epithelial layer. In this review, we describe <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> chitinases with special emphasis on chitinases from <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>, the representative examples of the short and long forms of this protein. In addition to the chitinase domain, chitinases belonging to the long form contain a pro\u2010domain and chitin\u2010binding domain. Amino acid sequence alignment of long and short form chitinase domains reveals multiple positions containing variant residues. A subset of these positions was found to be conserved or invariant within long or short forms, indicating the role of these positions in attributing form\u2010specific activity. The reported differences in affinities to allosamidin for <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> were predicted to be due to different residues at two amino acid positions, resulting in altered interactions with the inhibitor. Understanding the role of these amino acids in <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> chitinases will help us elucidate the mechanism of catalysis and the mode of inhibition, which will be the key for identification of potent inhibitors or antibodies demonstrating transmission\u2010blocking activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.4095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]],"date-time":"2021-05-02T13:54:47Z","timestamp":1619963687000},"page":"1493-1501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["<i>Plasmodium<\/i> chitinases: revisiting a target of transmission\u2010blockade against malaria"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Vysakh K.","family":"Viswanath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tata Institute for Genetics and Society Center at inStem  Bengaluru India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suraj 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