{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:36:52Z","timestamp":1762079812906,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,6]],"date-time":"2021-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001407","name":"Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BT\/HRD\/35\/02\/19\/2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/HRD\/35\/02\/19\/2009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Protein Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>DNA gyrase is an ATP dependent Type IIA topoisomerase that is unique to prokaryotes. Interestingly DNA gyrase has also been found in the apicoplasts of apicomplexan parasites like <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>) the causative agent of Malaria. Gyrase B (GyrB), a subunit of gyrase A<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>B<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> complex has an N\u2010terminal domain (GyrBN) which is endowed with ATPase activity. We reported earlier that PfGyrB exhibits ATP\u2010independent dimerization unlike its bacterial counterparts. Here we report the role of two unique regions (L1 and L2) identified in PfGyrBN. Deletions of L1 alone (PfGyrBN\u0394L1), or L1 and L2 together (PfGyrBN\u0394L1\u0394L2) have indicated that these regions may play an important role in ATPase activity and the oligomeric state of PfGyrBN. Our experiments show that the deletion of L1 region disrupts the dimer interface of PfGyrBN and reduces its ATPase activity. Further through ITC experiments we show that the binding affinity of ATP to PfGyrBN is reduced upon the deletion of L1 region. We have observed a reduction in ATPase activity for of all three proteins PfGyrBN, PfGyrBN\u0394L1, and PfGyrBN\u0394L1\u0394L2 in presence of coumermycin. Our results suggests that L1 region of PfGyrBN is likely to be functionally important and may provide a unique dimer interface that affects its enzymatic activity. Since deletion of L1 region decreases the affinity of ATP to the protein, this region can be targeted toward designing novel inhibitors of ATP hydrolysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.4217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]],"date-time":"2021-10-30T03:05:15Z","timestamp":1635563115000},"page":"323-332","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Role of unique loops in oligomerization and <scp>ATPase<\/scp> function of <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i> gyrase B"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Monica","family":"Purushothaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suman Kumar","family":"Dhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Centre of Molecular Medicine Jawaharlal Nehru University  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1145-5962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramanathan","family":"Natesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro843"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2007.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00357-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.70.1.369"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biophys.33.110502.140357"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.73.11.3872"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/30.10.2144"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)47162-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.7.1399"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00061a033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/.61.3.377-392.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(96)10085-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)42623-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12914-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.13.9468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/42294"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp586"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2016.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26051234"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90558-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90222-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdg008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1078599"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msh233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/37132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.1997.16.1483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00407a001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-011-3557-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2010.03.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2017.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59259-890-0:571"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm300395d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b01928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.6b00864"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111740200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmgm.2010.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05005-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20130538"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2016705118"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2011.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1993.1413"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.340190108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2015.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)45366-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","unstructured":"KapoorM. How to cross\u2010link proteins. From the Section: Molecular Biology \u2010 Proteins in \u201cThe Neurospora protocol guide\u201d. 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