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Protein\u2013peptide interaction surface areas are relatively small and shallow, and there are often overlapping specificities in families of peptide\u2010binding domains. Therefore, dissecting selectivity determinants can be challenging. PDZ domains are a family of peptide\u2010binding domains located in several intracellular signaling and trafficking pathways. These domains are also directly targeted by pathogens, and a hallmark of many oncogenic viral proteins is a PDZ\u2010binding motif. However, amidst sequences that target PDZ domains, there is a wide spectrum in relative promiscuity. For example, the viral HPV16 E6 oncoprotein recognizes over double the number of PDZ domain\u2010containing proteins as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in the cell, despite similar PDZ targeting\u2010sequences and identical motif residues. Here, we determine binding affinities for PDZ domains known to bind either HPV16 E6 alone or both CFTR and HPV16 E6, using peptides matching WT and hybrid sequences. We also use energy minimization to model PDZ\u2013peptide complexes and use sequence analyses to investigate this difference. We find that while the majority of single mutations had marginal effects on overall affinity, the additive effect on the free energy of binding accurately describes the selectivity observed. Taken together, our results describe how complex and differing PDZ interactomes can be programmed in the cell.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.4611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]],"date-time":"2023-03-05T01:29:39Z","timestamp":1677979779000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Additive energetic contributions of multiple peptide positions determine the relative promiscuity of viral and human sequences for\n                    <scp>PDZ<\/scp>\n                    domain targets"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Elise F.","family":"Tahti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western Washington University  Bellingham Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jadon M.","family":"Blount","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western Washington University  Bellingham Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie N.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western Washington University  Bellingham Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melody","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western Washington University  Bellingham Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas P.","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth  Hanover New Hampshire USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah N.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western Washington University  Bellingham Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick J.","family":"Pederson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western Washington University  Bellingham Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone N.","family":"Rumph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Bowdoin College  Brunswick Maine USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Struyvenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Western Washington University  Bellingham Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain G. 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