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While the pathogenic form was first documented in humans nearly a century ago, the global monitoring of PrDs only gained momentum after the \u201cMad Cow\u201d epizootic and its human counterpart of the 1980s and 1990s. Currently, 34 countries track human prion cases annually, with over 27,000 cases. However, true prevalence estimates suggest significantly higher numbers, millions, highlighting the urgency of addressing these enigmatic diseases. Prions are exceptionally resilient, resisting conventional sterilization methods and persisting in environmental reservoirs, such as soil and plants, raising concerns about environmental and cross\u2010species transmission, particularly with the growing prevalence of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids. This review explores the history, pathogenesis, presence, public health implications, and novel innovations in studying and treatment of PrDs. 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