{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:41:17Z","timestamp":1790095277235,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Precision Radiation Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to improve the accuracy of the tumor radiotherapy dose and reduce the irradiation dose to the surrounding organs, by developing a versatile respiratory motion monitoring system with multi\u2010scenario applications to enhance the clinical efficacy of radiotherapy for thoracic and abdominal tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The respiratory motion monitoring system comprised an airbag structure integrated with a parallel\u2010plate capacitive sensor. The airbag comprised a polymer balloon encapsulated in a nonelastic flexible membrane, and had a projected area of 120 mm \u00d7 120 mm. The capacitive sensor adopts a concentric configuration of beryllium copper (thickness: 0.1 mm, diameter: 10 mm) and oxygen\u2010free copper (thickness: 1 mm, diameter: 10 mm) foils. Real\u2010time monitoring of the respiratory motion was achieved by detecting the capacitance variations corresponding to changes in the internal air pressure within the airbag. The system performance was rigorously evaluated using a dynamic thorax phantom capable of simulating various patterns, including sinusoidal \nand fourth\u2010power cosine waveforms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The capacitive sensor\u2010based respiratory motion monitoring system demonstrated a displacement measurement range of up to 10 mm, capable of detecting movements as small as 0.1 mm (signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio: 2.18). Real\u2010time displacement conversion was performed using the fitted model\n                      <jats:italic>y<\/jats:italic>\n                      = a\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                      +b\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      (a = 26.105 \u00b1 0.398, b = 285.868 \u00b1 22.147). The system exhibited a high stability, with a standard deviation of only 0.0011 in capacitance measurements over 10 repeated tests with a 5 mm amplitude sinusoidal waveform, and further maintained the amplitude consistency within 2.25%\u201396.05% of the maximum value throughout 10 min of continuous operation. A reliable performance was confirmed across various respiratory waveforms, including sinusoidal and fourth\u2010power cosine profiles. Furthermore, the non\u2010metallic airbag structure enhances the adaptability to multiple clinical scenarios. However, two types of signal distortions were observed, originating from the airbag deformation and the limitations of the capacitive sensor electrode, both of which are thoroughly explained in the manuscript.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, this study developed a capacitive sensor and airbag\u2010based respiratory monitoring system that combines the advantages of abdominal pressure belts with infrared\u2010based monitoring technologies. This integrated approach offers a cost\u2010effective, structurally simple, and versatile solution for monitoring respiratory motion across multiple clinical scenarios.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pro6.70037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T07:45:17Z","timestamp":1765871117000},"page":"251-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development of a real\u2010time multi\u2010scenario monitoring method for respiratory motion based on capacitive sensors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yongqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University &amp; Henan Cancer Hospital  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University &amp; Henan Cancer Hospital  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuhua","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoyang","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University &amp; Henan Cancer Hospital  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kangdong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China\u2010US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute  Zhengzhou Henan China"},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University &amp; Henan Cancer Hospital  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439\u2010024\u201003630\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2025.15161"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014\u2010019\u20101300\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2008.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010019\u201040858\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2014.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43046\u2010024\u201000214\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21614\/sgo\u2010723"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3182307ec2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2011.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12194\u2010024\u201000847\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361\u20106560\/ab2ba8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyy034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2012.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2014.10.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2024.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2018.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semradonc.2003.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0360\u20103016(01)01621\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2016.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2016.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2016.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tlcr\u201020\u2010856"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.70170"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2024.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.86436"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1945347"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmp.2023.102612"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.47047"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2023.2275288"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7785\/tcrt.2012.500379"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.16469"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361\u20106560\/ac60b7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrac019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acm2.12958"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000087456"}],"container-title":["Precision Radiation Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pro6.70037","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T11:24:08Z","timestamp":1767093848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pro6.70037"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pro6.70037"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pro6.70037","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-7324","2398-7324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-7324","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-7324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}