{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T20:10:38Z","timestamp":1770149438933,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,10]],"date-time":"2003-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1047254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oxidative stress has been implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. In the Noble rat model, treatment of rats with testosterone (T) plus 17\u03b2\u2010estradiol (E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) induced dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. Previous reports from us and other have indicated a linkage between steroid hormones and oxidative status in prostate cells in vivo and in vitro. Here, we provide further evidence that androgens and estrogens could induce a lobe\u2010specific shift of prooxidant\u2013antioxidant balance and alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities, leading to oxidative stress in the rat prostate gland in vivo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male Noble rats were subjected to single (T, E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, or diethylstilbestrol [DES] alone) or combined (T\u2009+\u2009E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> or T\u2009+\u2009DES) hormone treatments. Lipid peroxidation status and antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) were assayed spectrophotometrically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of rats with T did not alter lipid peroxidation in either the ventral prostate (VP) or the dorsolateral prostate (DLP). In contrast, exposure of rats to DES or E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> modestly elevated lipid peroxidation in rat VP or DLP, respectively. Of importance, T\u2009+\u2009DES and T\u2009+\u2009E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> treatments of rats induced marked increases in lipid peroxidation in the VP and the DLP, respectively. Antioxidant enzyme activities in the VP and DLP exhibited differential responses to sex hormone challenges. The activities of catalase, GPx, GR, and G6PD were mostly suppressed in either single or dual hormone\u2010treated DLP, whereas there is a general increase of GR and G6PD activities in the VP after hormonal exposures. The changes in T\u2009+\u2009DES\u2010treated VP were most dramatic with a marked activation of GPx (by one\u2010fold), GR (by one\u2010fold), and G6PD (by five\u2010fold).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The lobe\u2010specific differential responses of hormone\u2010induced oxidative stress and modulations of antioxidant enzymatic defenses in the rat prostate suggest that reactive oxygen species may play a role in hormone\u2010induced prostate carcinogenesis. Prostate 55:1\u20138, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,19]],"date-time":"2003-03-19T01:26:20Z","timestamp":1048037180000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Sex hormone\u2010induced alterations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation status in the prostate of noble rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Neville","family":"N.C. 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