{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T20:48:54Z","timestamp":1725569334401},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,7]],"date-time":"2003-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1052265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prostatic secretory protein of 94 amino acids (PSP94), probasin, and seminal vesicle secretion II (SVSII) are the three major proteins secreted by the lateral lobe of the rat prostate gland. Among these proteins, rodent PSP94 but not probasin and SVSII has a human homologue and it is also a major secretory protein of the human prostate, in addition to prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate\u2010specific antigen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we examined and compared the mRNA expression of these three secretory markers in three rat models of prostate cancer including the sex steroid\u2010induced dysplasia (prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia or PIN) in Noble (Nb) rat model, an androgen\u2010independent Nb rat prostatic tumor (AIT) and Dunning rat prostatic adenocarcinomas (both androgen\u2010dependent and \u2010independent) by in situ hybridization (ISH), reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR), and immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The transcripts for the three markers were highly expressed in the secretory epithelium of normal lateral prostate (LP). Their hybridization signals became reduced in the epithelial cells in the low\u2010grade PINs and significantly weakened or lost in the high\u2010grade PINs induced in the LP. Interestingly, we observed that some dysplastic cells located at the basal compartment of the PIN lesions, and nests of outpouching epithelial cells in the vicinity of PINs, expressed positive hybridization signals of three markers. In the adenocarcinoma, signals of probasin but not PSP94 and SVSII were detected. No hybridization signals were detected in both Dunning and AIT tumors. By RT\u2010PCR, transcripts for these proteins were still detected but significantly reduced in the Dunning tumors, whereas in the AIT tumor, only SVSII transcripts were detected. Immunohistochemistry of PSP94 also showed a reduced staining in the PIN lesions, but no immunoreactivity was seen in the rat prostatic tumors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mRNA expression of the three prostatic secretory markers were decreased in the hormone\u2010induced PINs and in two rat prostatic tumors, indicating that the androgen\u2010regulated secretory differentiation was impaired during the development of the premalignant lesion and further reduced in advanced tumors. The abnormal expression pattern of these secretory markers and androgen receptor (AR) in the basal compartment of the PIN lesions suggests that there is a population of cell types with secretory phenotype appearing in the basal cell layer during the early malignant transformation of the prostatic epithelium. Prostate 56: 81\u201397, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,9]],"date-time":"2003-05-09T10:08:34Z","timestamp":1052474914000},"page":"81-97","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Expression study of three secretory proteins (prostatic secretory protein of 94 amino acids, probasin, and seminal vesicle secretion II) in dysplastic and neoplastic rat prostates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Joseph","family":"Kwong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Lui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter S.F.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuk\u2010Mei","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.C.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.W.","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franky L.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/80.13.1045"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990150104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0045(20000615)44:1<31::AID-PROS5>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.1118"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"5766","article-title":"Prostatic localization of spontaneous early invasive carcinoma in Lobund\u2013Wistar Rats","volume":"54","author":"Pugh TD","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod59.5.1163"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365597909179995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00346.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10731","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)44517-0","article-title":"Characterization and cloning of rat dorsal prostate mRNAs. 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