{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:20:02Z","timestamp":1791206402352,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,26]],"date-time":"2008-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1203984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Japanese Foundation for Prostate Research","award":["18591767"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18591767"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007655","name":"Aichi Cancer Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have developed magnetite nanoparticles conjugated with cationic liposomes (MCLs) to induce intracellular hyperthermia with exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). We have previously demonstrated the hyperthermic effect of MCLs against certain types of malignant tumor cells in vivo. Here, we examine the effects of MCL\u2009+\u2009AMF heat therapy on prostate cancer tissue in a bone microenvironment and on bone destruction in a rat model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rat prostate cancer nodules were transplanted onto the calvaria of 6\u2010week\u2010old F344 male rats. MCLs were injected into the tumor which reached 7 mm in diameter, and then the animals were exposed to repeated AMF irradiation. The distribution of MCL, tumor necrosis, cell proliferation, and bone destruction in the bone microenvironment were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MCL\u2009+\u2009AMF heat therapy suppressed tumor growth on the calvaria, and histologically, the induction of a necrotic mass was observed around magnetic particles in the tumor. The bone destruction index, which indicates the degree of osteolysis associated with prostate tumor growth in the bone microenvironment, was 34.8% in the MCL group and 67.2% in the control group with significant difference. However, almost half of rats were dead in this experiment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>MCL\u2009+\u2009AMF heat therapy suppressed tumor proliferation in the bone microenvironment, in addition to bone destruction. However, this method may exhibit side effects for central nerve system. If MCL are specifically taken into the prostate cancer cells in the bone microenvironment, this method may be useful for the treatment of bone metastatic lesions of prostate cancer. Prostate 68: 784\u2013792, 2008. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,26]],"date-time":"2008-02-26T22:19:56Z","timestamp":1204064396000},"page":"784-792","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Effect of heat therapy using magnetic nanoparticles conjugated with cationic liposomes on prostate tumor in 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