{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T13:38:11Z","timestamp":1762004291331},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,28]],"date-time":"2010-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1288224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic inflammation in the prostate has recently been recognized as an important component of the symptom progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The objective of this study was to evaluate a range of cytokines\/chemokines in prostate tissue and urine to identify markers of prostate inflammation in a prostatitis model and to investigate the effect of a phytotherapeutic agent, Eviprostat\u00ae, on these markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten\u2010month\u2010old male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP) was experimentally induced in groups 2\u20134 by castration followed by daily subcutaneous injection of 17\u03b2\u2010estradiol for 30 days. Control rats were fed a standard diet, while animals in the Eviprostat groups were fed a diet containing 0.05 or 0.1% Eviprostat for 30 days. The levels of cytokines\/chemokines in prostate tissue on the 31st day and in urine collected the day before castration and the day before removal of the prostate were determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experimentally induced NBP increased the prostatic levels of the cytokines interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2) and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1). The levels of the chemokines CCL2\/monocyte chemoattractant protein\u20101 (MCP\u20101), CCL3\/macrophage inflammatory protein\u20101\u03b1 (MIP\u20101\u03b1), CXCL1\/CINC\u20101, CXCL3\/CINC\u20102, and CXCL5\/LIX were elevated in both prostate and urine. Eviprostat significantly suppressed the increases in prostate IL\u20101\u03b2, TNF\u2010\u03b1 and CCL3\/MIP\u20101\u03b1 and prostatic and urinary CCL2\/MCP\u20101 and CXCL1\/CINC\u20101.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chemokines, including CCL2\/MCP\u20101 and CXCL1\/CINC\u20101, were elevated in the prostate and urine of NBP rats, and Eviprostat potently suppressed the increases in CCL2\/MCP\u20101 and CXCL1\/CINC\u20101. These chemokines are therefore candidate diagnostic biomarkers for nonbacterial chronic prostatic inflammation. Prostate 77:438\u2013444, 2011. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]],"date-time":"2010-10-29T11:33:26Z","timestamp":1288352006000},"page":"438-444","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Effect of a phytotherapeutic agent, Eviprostat\u00ae, on prostatic and urinary cytokines\/chemokines in a rat model of nonbacterial 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