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Less is known about the occurrence of OxS in the case of other frequent male genital tract disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included 196 men: controls (n\u2009=\u200928), asymptomatic inflammatory (NIH category IV) prostatitis patients (n\u2009=\u200921), non\u2010inflammatory (NIH category IIIb) chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP\/CPPS) patients (n\u2009=\u200948), inflammatory (NIH category IIIa) CP\/CPPS patients (n\u2009=\u200944), benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients (n\u2009=\u200933), and patients with BPH and NIH IV category prostatitis (n\u2009=\u200922). In all subjects, 8\u2010isoprostanes (8\u2010EPI) in urine were determined by competitive enzyme\u2010linked immunoassay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The levels of 8\u2010EPI were substantially higher in all diseased groups\u2014inflammatory CP\/CPPS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), non\u2010inflammatory CP\/CPPS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03), asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis (AIP; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02), BPH (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007), and BPH\u2009+\u2009AIP (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014) in comparison with controls. Importantly, our study showed that OxS is also present in the case of NIH IIIb category prostatitis when the patients have just chronic pelvic pain but no inflammation in prostate\u2010specific materials, as well as in the patients with just lower urinary tract symptoms without pain or overt inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study revealed that several male genital tract disorders\u2014BPH and different forms of prostatitis (NIH categories IIIa, IIIb, and IV)\u2014are tightly interconnected via OxS\u2010mediated pathways. Acknowledging OxS as an important pathogenesis mechanism of these diseases helps to open up new horizons for their treatment. Prostate 72:977\u2013983, 2012. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,24]],"date-time":"2011-10-24T13:31:09Z","timestamp":1319463069000},"page":"977-983","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Oxidative Stress\u2014Cause or consequence of male genital tract disorders?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Tiiu","family":"Kullisaar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silver","family":"T\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margus","family":"Punab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reet","family":"M\u00e4ndar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mou.0000193368.91823.1b"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwi299"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1075-9964(03)00085-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09701.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.34.12.3120-3128.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)63958-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.purol.2010.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-9877(98)90179-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2007.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.2007.00816.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000315064"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0272.2003.00572.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","volume-title":"Laboratory manual for examination of human semen and sperm\u2013cervical mucus interaction","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","volume-title":"National Institutes of Health Summary Statement. 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