{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T16:01:43Z","timestamp":1718640103058},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,21]],"date-time":"2013-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Digoxin is a commonly used medication for heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias that has recently been suggested as a novel chemotherapeutic agent. Preclinical studies of prostate cancer (PCa) have shown anti\u2010tumor activity with digoxin. We explore the relationship between use of digoxin and PCa risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from a population\u2010based case\u2013control study of incident cases aged 35\u201374 years at PCa diagnosis in 2002\u20132005 in King County, Washington were available. Controls were identified by random digit dialing and frequency matched by age. Use of digoxin was determined from in\u2010person questionnaires regarding medical and prescription history. The relationship of digoxin use with PCa risk was evaluated with logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>One thousand one cases of PCa and 942 controls were analyzed. The prevalence of digoxin use in controls was 2.7%, and use was positively correlated with age. In multivariate analysis adjusting for age, race, PSA screening, and family history of PCa, digoxin use was associated with a reduction in the odds ratio of PCa (OR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.30\u20131.10). Among those with \u22653 PSA tests over the preceding 5 years (546 cases, 380 controls), digoxin use was associated with a stronger reduction of PCa risk (OR 0.44, 95% CI: 0.20\u20130.98).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data indicate digoxin use may be associated with a reduction in risk of PCa. Given the potential mechanisms by which digoxin may exert an anti\u2010neoplastic effect and other recent studies showing a negative association between digoxin use and PCa, further research is warranted. <jats:italic>Prostate 74:97\u2013102, 2014<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.22733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,11]],"date-time":"2013-10-11T21:49:11Z","timestamp":1381528151000},"page":"97-102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Is digoxin use for cardiovascular disease associated with risk of prostate cancer?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Jonathan L.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington"},{"name":"Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip D.","family":"Hansten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington School of Pharmacy Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet L.","family":"Stanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle Washington"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Washington School of Public Health Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.560110"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M403664200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1973.03220410045010","article-title":"Digoxin and abnormal serum hormone levels","volume":"225","author":"Stoffer SS","year":"1973","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mi.8.1.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"Cancer Facts and Figures 2012.http:\/\/www.cancer.org\/Research\/CancerFactsFigures\/CancerFactsFigures\/cancer\u2010facts\u2010figures\u20102012March 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"3807","article-title":"Cardiac glycosides stimulate Ca2+ increases and apoptosis in androgen\u2010independent, metastatic human prostate adenocarcinoma cells","volume":"60","author":"McConkey DJ","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65724-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809763105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8274.CD-10-0020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn141"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-8062.2011.00376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"493","article-title":"Is digitalis a therapy for breast carcinoma","volume":"6","author":"Stenkvist B","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-1-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702229"}],"container-title":["The Prostate"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpros.22733","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pros.22733","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T18:52:25Z","timestamp":1696531945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pros.22733"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,21]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pros.22733"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pros.22733","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-4137","1097-0045"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-4137","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0045","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,21]]}}}