{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:10:51Z","timestamp":1791231051273,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,26]],"date-time":"2014-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chemokines and cytokines have been implicated in progression to castration\u2010resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective data were accessed from 122 men with serum samples drawn at a median of 0.5 months after starting ADT for metastatic prostate cancer. MCP\u20101, IL\u20101\u2010\u03b2, IL\u20102, IL\u20108, IL\u20106, and TNF\u2010\u03b1 levels were measured by multiplex electrochemiluminescence assays. A multivariable Cox model assessed the association of time to CRPC and overall survival by the protein levels and adjusted for clinical variables (age and prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels at start of ADT, race, ECOG status, and extent of metastases). Associations were reported as hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median follow\u2010up and overall survival were 44 and 42.2 months, respectively. ECOG performance status (\u22651 vs. 0) was negatively associated with overall survival [HR\u2009=\u20092.8 (1.1\u20137.0),<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03], and PSA nadir\u2009&lt;\u20090.2 was predictive of longer time to development of CRPC [HR\u2009=\u20090.3 (0.2\u20130.5),<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001]. The HR for time to CRPC by protein above the median was 1.4 (95% CI: 0.9, 2.2,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.13) for IL\u20108; 1.3 (95% CI: 0.8, 2,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.18) for TNF\u2010\u03b1; 1.0 (95% CI: 0.7, 1.6,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.95) for MCP\u20101. The HR for median overall survival for protein levels above the median was: 1.9 (95% CI: 1.0, 3.5,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) for IL\u20108; 2.0 (95% CI: 1.1, 3.5,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) for TNF\u2010\u03b1; 1.7 (95% CI: 1.7, 3.0,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.08) for MCP\u20101. There was no association with IL\u20101\u2010\u03b2, IL\u20102, or IL\u20106.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher levels of inflammation\u2010associated cytokines correlate with poorer prostate cancer outcomes and may guide strategies to improve prostate cancer therapy.<jats:italic>Prostate 74:820\u2013828, 2014<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.22788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,26]],"date-time":"2014-03-26T10:36:41Z","timestamp":1395830201000},"page":"820-828","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Elevated IL\u20108, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and MCP\u20101 in men with metastatic prostate cancer starting androgen\u2010deprivation therapy (ADT) are associated with shorter time to castration\u2010resistance and overall survival"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Jaya","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn P.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren C.","family":"Harshman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Evan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Nakabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raina","family":"Fichorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Rider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorelei","family":"Mucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip W.","family":"Kantoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Sweeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Hoosier Oncology Group Indianapolis 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