{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:57:05Z","timestamp":1790909825185,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,17]],"date-time":"2017-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008719","name":"Movember Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008719","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 CA113913"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 CA113913"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA138292, UL1 TR000454, S10 RR025679"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA138292, UL1 TR000454, S10 RR025679"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p><jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>: The measurement of gene expression in post\u2010digital rectal examination (DRE) urine specimens provides a non\u2010invasive method to determine a patient's risk of prostate cancer. Many currently available assays use whole urine or cell pellets for the analysis of prostate cancer\u2010associated genes, although the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has also recently been of interest. We investigated the expression of prostate\u2010, kidney\u2010, and bladder\u2010specific transcripts and known prostate cancer biomarkers in urine EVs.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>: Cell pellets and EVs were recovered from post\u2010DRE urine specimens, with the total RNA yield and quality determined by Bioanalyzer. The levels of prostate, kidney, and bladder\u2010associated transcripts in EVs were assessed by TaqMan qPCR and targeted sequencing.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>: RNA was more consistently recovered from the urine EV specimens, with over 80% of the patients demonstrating higher RNA yields in the EV fraction as compared to urine cell pellets. The median EV RNA yield of 36.4\u2009ng was significantly higher than the median urine cell pellet RNA yield of 4.8\u2009ng. Analysis of the post\u2010DRE urine EVs indicated that prostate\u2010specific transcripts were more abundant than kidney\u2010 or bladder\u2010specific transcripts. Additionally, patients with prostate cancer had significantly higher levels of the prostate cancer\u2010associated genes <jats:italic>PCA3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ERG<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>: Post\u2010DRE urine EVs are a viable source of prostate\u2010derived RNAs for biomarker discovery and prostate cancer status can be distinguished from analysis of these specimens. Continued analysis of urine EVs offers the potential discovery of novel biomarkers for pre\u2010biopsy prostate cancer detection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,17]],"date-time":"2017-04-17T05:42:42Z","timestamp":1492407762000},"page":"990-999","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Detection of prostate cancer\u2010specific transcripts in extracellular vesicles isolated from post\u2010DRE urine"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5089-5477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn L.","family":"Pellegrini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dattatraya","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen J.S.","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta 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UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos S.","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin G.","family":"Sanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute Emory University Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"5975","article-title":"DD3: a new prostate\u2010specific gene, highly overexpressed in prostate 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