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Best practice of those expensive drugs requires predictive biomarker monitoring. This study used circulating biomarker analysis to follow cancer\u2010derived transcripts implicated in therapy resistance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>The isolated platelet population of blood samples and digital\u2010PCR were used to identify selected biomarker transcripts in patients with CRPC prior chemo\u2010 or androgen synthesis inhibiting therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty patients received either docetaxel (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200924) or abiraterone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200926) therapy, with therapy response rates of 54% and 48%, respectively. Transcripts for the PC\u2010associated biomarkers kallikrein\u2010related peptidase\u20102 and \u20103 (<jats:italic>KLK2, KLK3)<\/jats:italic>, folate hydrolase 1 <jats:italic>(FOLH1<\/jats:italic>), and neuropeptide\u2010Y (<jats:italic>NPY<\/jats:italic>) were uniquely present within the platelet fraction of cancer patients and not detected in healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915). In the abiraterone treated cohort, the biomarkers provided information on therapy outcome, demonstrating an association between detectable biomarkers and short progression free survival (PFS) (<jats:italic>FOLH1, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01; <jats:italic>KLK3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05; and <jats:italic>NPY, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Patients with biomarker\u2010negative platelets had the best outcome, while <jats:italic>FOLH1<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and <jats:italic>NPY<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05) biomarkers provided independent predictive information in a multivariate analysis regarding PFS. <jats:italic>KLK2<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), <jats:italic>KLK3<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and <jats:italic>FOLH1<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) biomarkers were associated with short overall survival (OS). Combining three biomarkers in a panel (<jats:italic>KLK3, FOLH1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>NPY<\/jats:italic>) made it possible to separate long\u2010term responders from short\u2010term responders with 87% sensitivity and 82% specificity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analyzing tumor\u2010derived biomarkers in platelets of CRPC patients enabled prediction of the outcome after abiraterone therapy with higher accuracy than baseline serum PSA or PSA response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]],"date-time":"2017-11-02T05:46:45Z","timestamp":1509601605000},"page":"48-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Platelets harbor prostate cancer biomarkers and the ability to predict therapeutic response to abiraterone in castration resistant patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Lee\u2010Ann","family":"Tjon\u2010Kon\u2010Fat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Umea University Umea Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Lundholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology Umea University Umea Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Schr\u00f6der","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology Umea University Umea Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Wurdinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Cancer Center Amsterdam VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Thellenberg\u2010Karlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Umea University Umea Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Widmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology Umea University Umea Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6347-1999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pernilla","family":"Wikstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology Umea University Umea Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1933-1104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rolf Jonas Andreas","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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