{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T14:06:10Z","timestamp":1766066770260,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP\/CPPS) involves inflammation of the prostate and affects the quality of life of men of all ages. It is well reported in clinical studies that the treatment for CP\/CPPS using nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) produced favorable outcomes. However, currently, there are no guidelines on choice of the NSAIDs for the treatment of CP\/CPPS. Therefore, in the current research study, we evaluated the prostate tissue penetration of four NSAIDs in rats to provide guidance on choice of NSAIDs for the treatment of CP\/CPPS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male Sprague\u2010Dawley rats were administered orally with four NSAIDs viz. celecoxib, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen at 500\u2009mg\/kg dose. The animals were then sacrificed at various time points, and their prostate tissues were harvested. The NSAIDs were then extracted from the prostate tissues using liquid extraction technique, and their concentration in prostate tissue was quantified using high\u2010performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The prostate tissue penetration and related pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated by non\u2010compartmental analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The HPLC method for quantifying NSAIDs in prostate tissue resulted in single, sharp peaks without any interference and all validation parameters were within limits. Celecoxib showed the highest area under the curve (AUC) [146.50\u2009\u00b1\u20092.75\u2009\u03bcg\/mL*h] of all NSAID's. A two\u2010factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) with replication indicated an overall statistically significant difference in the pharmacokinetic parameters for celecoxib, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study for the first time reported the relative prostate tissue penetration of four NSAIDs. The pharmacokinetic data indicated that celecoxib has the highest penetration and retention in rat prostate tissues. Therefore, celecoxib may be considered as a better choice for the treatment CP\/CPPS involving NSAIDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]],"date-time":"2017-11-06T08:01:15Z","timestamp":1509955275000},"page":"80-85","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Penetration and pharmacokinetics of non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs in rat prostate tissue"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3819-9054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Venkata K.","family":"Yellepeddi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Roseman University of Health Sciences South Jordan Utah"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of Pharmacy University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayashree","family":"Radhakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Roseman University of Health Sciences South Jordan Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajan","family":"Radhakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Medical Science Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pcan.2016.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.05.140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(98)00034-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.3.236"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68562-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-1317-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.08.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-013-1075-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1913"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200969010-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000054983.45096.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.06667.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2009005000021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drugs Administration. Guidance for industry: Bioanalytical method validation. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER);2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-008-8051-6"},{"volume-title":"Prostate Cancer Contemporary Cancer Research","year":"2007","author":"DeMarzo AM","key":"e_1_2_7_17_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2015.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"179","article-title":"A pharmacokinetic study of diclofenac sodium in rats","volume":"7","author":"Yuan J","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2010.522613"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"48","article-title":"Comparative bioavailability of a generic and two compounded naproxen sodium suspensions administered to rats","volume":"2","author":"da Silva Solon LG","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bioanal Biomed"}],"container-title":["The Prostate"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpros.23447","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pros.23447","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T23:37:59Z","timestamp":1696030679000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pros.23447"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pros.23447"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pros.23447","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-4137","1097-0045"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0270-4137"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-0045"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,6]]}}}