{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T15:58:17Z","timestamp":1778428697227,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,7]],"date-time":"2018-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Projects Foundation of Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey","award":["OUAP(T)-2015\/4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OUAP(T)-2015\/4"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP) is a precursor lesion of prostate cancer (PC), and PC develops from this suspicious focus or an unsampled malignant gland nearby. However, PC\u2010related molecular alterations that could guide the timing of repeat biopsies and help monitor PC risk in ASAP\u2010diagnosed patients have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to first investigate the expression of seven different PC\u2010related RNAs that included serine 2 (<jats:italic>TMPRSS2<\/jats:italic>): erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (<jats:italic>ERG<\/jats:italic>) gene (<jats:italic>TMPRSS2\u2010ERG<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>T2E<\/jats:italic>) fusion, alpha\u2010methylacyl\u2010CoA racemase (<jats:italic>AMACR<\/jats:italic>), kallikrein related peptidase 3 (<jats:italic>KLK3<\/jats:italic>), androgen receptor (<jats:italic>AR<\/jats:italic>), prostate cancer specific antigen 3 (<jats:italic>PCA3<\/jats:italic>), and matrix metalloproteinases (<jats:italic>MMP<\/jats:italic>)\u20102 and 9.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>PC\u2010related RNAs were evaluated using a real\u2010time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010qPCR) system in pathologically ASAP\u2010diagnosed prostate biopsy cores from 55 patients presenting with a normal digital rectal examination and a PSA level of 4\u201010\u2009ng\/mL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We detected that positive <jats:italic>T2E<\/jats:italic> fusion status (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013) and the expression of <jats:italic>AMACR<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>0.016<jats:italic>)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>AR<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>0.016<jats:italic>)<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>MMP<\/jats:italic>\u20102 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013) were independently and significantly associated with PC risk in ASAP patients. There were also several statistically significant correlations between expression levels. Additionally, we demonstrated that <jats:italic>T2E<\/jats:italic> fusion positive ASAP patients with higher <jats:italic>MMP<\/jats:italic>\u20102 expression were more likely to be diagnosed with PC at a subsequent biopsy during the follow\u2010up period (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although, more clinical validations are needed for the stratification of PC risk in ASAP\u2010diagnosed biopsy cores, our current results indicate that the coexistence of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>2<jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic> fusion positivity with <jats:italic>MMP<\/jats:italic>\u20102 upregulation may help clinicians adjust their biopsy timetable and\/or assessment of PC risk in ASAP\u2010diagnosed patients with a PSA level of 4\u201010\u2009ng\/mL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,8]],"date-time":"2018-10-08T06:34:29Z","timestamp":1538980469000},"page":"195-205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["RNA\u2010based markers in biopsy cores with atypical small acinar proliferation: Predictive effect of <i>T2E<\/i> fusion positivity and <i>MMP\u20102<\/i> upregulation for a subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3316-316X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I. 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