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Alcohol has been reported to be closely related to CP\/CPPS. Thus, we intended to verify the role of alcohol in CP\/CPPS and determine the underlying mechanism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We induced experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) mouse model by intradermally injecting a mixture of prostate antigens (PAgs) and complete Freund's adjuvant on days 0 and 28. Mice were treated with alcohol (control\u2010alcohol and EAP\u2010alcohol groups) or vehicle (control\u2010vehicle, and EAP\u2010vehicle groups) from day 32 to 42. Forty\u2010two days after PAg injection, the pathological appearance of the prostate tissues was evaluated, and histological analyses of the prostate were performed. Chronic pelvic pain was assessed by applying von Frey filaments to the lower abdomen. Proinflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay tests. Then, we explored the effects of the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 on chronic pelvic pain and prostatic inflammation in this model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Histological analyses showed diffuse inflammation in the stromal tissues that were characterized by severe infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells in mice in the EAP\u2010alcohol group compared with EAP\u2010vehicle group. Chronic pain tests showed that the response frequency was significantly increased using a von Frey filament at forces of 0.4, 1.0, and 4.0\u2009g in EAP\u2010alcohol group compared with EAP\u2010vehicle (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). The levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including interferon (IFN)\u2010\u03b3, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1, IL\u201017, and IL\u20101\u03b2 were all significantly elevated in EAP\u2010alcohol group compared with the EAP\u2010vehicle group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). However, between the control\u2010alcohol and control\u2010vehicle groups, chronic pain tests, histological assays, and cytokine determinations showed no differences. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that MCC950 could decrease the expression level of NLRP3 inflammasome\u2013related proteins including NLRP3, ASC, and caspase\u20101. The chronic pain tests, histological assays, and cytokine determinations showed that MCC950 could attenuate the chronic pain and prostatic inflammation through the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study indicated that alcohol could aggravate the severity of prostatic inflammation in EAP model though activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, the role of MCC950 in inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and decreasing IL\u20101\u03b2 secretion to alleviate EAP severity may show that it is a promising therapeutic agent for CP\/CPPS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]],"date-time":"2019-06-25T12:59:26Z","timestamp":1561467566000},"page":"1466-1476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Effect of alcohol on chronic pelvic pain and prostatic inflammation in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Li\u2010Gang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia\u2010Lin","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang\u2010Sheng","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xian\u2010Guo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2599-952X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. China"},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui P.R. 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