{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T06:18:33Z","timestamp":1770013113395,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003995","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2008085QH360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008085QH360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81630019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81630019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870517"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870517"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870519"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870519"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81970597"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81970597"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82000719"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82000719"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to systematically identify novel susceptible factors related to the occurrence and development of chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP\/CPPS)\u2010like symptoms that were not limited to lifestyles or dietary habits in Chinese population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited participants from three centers (Shanghai [northeast], Hefei [east], and Lanzhou [northwest]) from August 2020 to June 2021. Demographics, lifestyles, dietary habits, past medical history, and national institutes of health\u2010chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH\u2010CPSI) were collected from the individuals via optimized questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis and multivariate adjustment models were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to assess the association between these variables and CP\/CPPS\u2010like symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1851 participants were enrolled in this study (764 cases and 1087 controls). Age distributions differed between groups (median, range: 32, 18\u201374 vs. 29, 18\u201370, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). After adjustment, physicochemical occupational hazards were identified significantly related to CP\/CPPS\u2010like symptom occurrence and development (OR<jats:sub>occurrence<\/jats:sub>: 1.389, 95% CI: 1.031\u20131.870, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; OR<jats:sub>development<\/jats:sub>: 2.222, 95% CI: 1.464\u20133.372, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001); besides, greater than or equal to four ejaculations per week significantly increased the likelihood of CP\/CPPS\u2010like symptoms compared with one ejaculation per week (OR<jats:sub>occurrence<\/jats:sub>: 3.051, 95% CI: 1.598\u20135.827, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). For these patients, who were easily felt gastrointestinal discomfort caused by spicy food intake, they had a higher incidence to affect with CP\/CPPS\u2010like symptoms (OR<jats:sub>occurrence<\/jats:sub>: 2.258, 95% CI: 1.858\u20132.745, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In addition, history of drug allergy and genitourinary infections were identified as independent susceptible factors for the occurrence of CP\/CPPS\u2010like symptoms (OR<jats:sub>occurrence<\/jats:sub>: 1.689, 95% CI: 1.007\u20132.834, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.047; OR<jats:sub>occurrence<\/jats:sub>: 3.442, 95% CI: 2.202\u20135.382, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively), while the history of rheumatic immune diseases was found tightly associated with the development of CP\/CPPS\u2010like symptoms (OR<jats:sub>development<\/jats:sub>: 2.002, 95% CI: 1.008\u20134.058, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infection\/inflammatory\/immune\u2010related disorders, novel dietary habits, and lifestyles associated with the susceptibility of CP\/CPPS\u2010like symptoms' occurrence and development are identified. Altering these irregular conditions serves as potential strategies for the treatment of patients with CP\/CPPS\u2010like symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.24319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T21:58:29Z","timestamp":1645480709000},"page":"772-782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Identification of novel susceptibility factors related to CP\/CPPS\u2010like symptoms: Evidence from a multicenter case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4935-4005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group Institute of Urology of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangbin","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Lanzhou University Second Hospital  Lanzhou Gansu PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jialin","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiaozhou","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Houliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Tongji University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinliang","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Tongji University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4370-3227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianguo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zongyao","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Tongji University  Shanghai PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2599-952X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8140-591X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Lanzhou University Second Hospital  Lanzhou Gansu PR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2317-1323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaozhao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology &amp; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei Anhui PR 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