{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T23:46:09Z","timestamp":1790984769966,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81630019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81630019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870519"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870519"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP\/CPPS) is an inflammatory immune disease that is characterized by infiltrating inflammatory cells in the prostate and pelvic or by perineal pain. Receptor\n                      <jats:italic>CXCR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      modulates immune and inflammatory responses; however, the effects of\n                      <jats:italic>CXCR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      antagonist AMG487 in the context of CP\/CPPS are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effect of AMG487 in experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) mice and explored the potential functional mechanisms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The EAP model was induced by intradermally injecting a mixture of prostate antigens\u00a0and complete Freund\u02bcs adjuvant on Days 0 and 28. To evaluate the effect of AMG487 on EAP mice, treatment with AMG487 and vehicle solution was conducted for the indicated period. Then, procedures were performed, including behavioral test, to evaluate the pain response to stimulation before the mice were killed and a histological assessment to evaluate the inflammation after\u00a0the mice were killed. Immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and Western blot assay were used to analyze the functional phenotype and regulation mechanism of AMG487 on T helper type 1 (Th1) cells and macrophages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We found high expression of\n                      <jats:italic>CXCR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      in human benign prostate tissues with inflammation and EAP mice. The elevated\n                      <jats:italic>CXCR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      in prostate tissues correlates with the severity of inflammation.\n                      <jats:italic>CXCR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      antagonist AMG487 treatment ameliorated the inflammatory changes and the pelvic pain of EAP mice. AMG487 inhibits Th1 cell differentiation through the\n                      <jats:italic>IL\u201012\/STAT4<\/jats:italic>\n                      pathway\u00a0and inhibits pro\u2010inflammatory M1 macrophages through the\n                      <jats:italic>lipopolysaccharide\/NF\u2010\u03baB p65<\/jats:italic>\n                      signaling. AMG487 could inhibit the secretion of inflammatory mediators in EAP mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>CXCR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      antagonist AMG487 could ameliorate the inflammatory changes and the pelvic pain of EAP mice by diminishing Th1 cell differentiation and inhibiting macrophage M1 phenotypic activation. Thus, the results imply that AMG487 has the potential as an effective therapeutic agent in the prevention and treatment of EAP.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.24395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T14:59:29Z","timestamp":1655218769000},"page":"1223-1236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["<i>CXCR3<\/i>\n                    antagonist AMG487 ameliorates experimental autoimmune prostatitis by diminishing Th1 cell differentiation and inhibiting macrophage M1 phenotypic activation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Xiaoliang","family":"Hua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical University  Hefei 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