{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T14:42:26Z","timestamp":1785768146427,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]],"date-time":"2023-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the most frequently used treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia with a prostate volume of &lt;80\u2009mL. A long\u2010term complication is bladder neck contracture (BNC). The aim of the present study was to identify the risk factors for BNC formation after TURP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of all TURP primary procedures which were performed at one academic institution between 2013 and 2018. All patients were analyzed and compared with regard to postoperative formation of a BNC requiring further therapy. Uni\u2010 and multivariable logistic regression analyses (MVAs) were performed to identify possible risk factors for BNC development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 1368 patients in this analysis. Out of these, 88 patients (6.4%) developed BNC requiring further surgical therapy. The following factors showed a statistically significant association with BNC development: smaller preoperative prostate volume (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), lower resected prostate weight (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004), lower preoperative levels of prostate\u2010specific antigen (PSA, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), shorter duration of the surgery (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.027), secondary transurethral intervention (due to urinary retention or gross hematuria) during inpatient stay (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018), positive (\u2265100\u2009 CFU\/mL) preoperative urine culture (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010), and urethral stricture (US) formation requiring direct visual internal urethrotomy (DVIU) postoperatively after TURP (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), in particular membranous (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046) and bulbar (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) strictures. Preoperative antibiotic treatment showed a protective effect (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.042). Histopathological findings of prostate cancer (PCA) in the resected prostate tissue were more frequent among patients who did not develop BNC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049). On MVA, smaller preoperative prostate volume (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046), positive preoperative urine culture (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021), and US requiring DVIU after TURP (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were identified as independent predictors for BNC development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>BNC is a relevant long\u2010term complication after TURP. In particular, patients with a smaller prostate should be thoroughly informed about this complication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.24543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T05:51:11Z","timestamp":1682315471000},"page":"1020-1027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Risk factors for bladder neck contracture after transurethral resection of the prostate"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6376-7669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Go\u00dfler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Pf\u00e4nder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Mayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gierth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Rosenhammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Breyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15229"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"GravasS CornuJN GacciM et al. EAU guidelines on management of non\u2010neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) incl. benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). Edn. presented at the EAU Annual Congress Amsterdam; 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2005.12.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","unstructured":"discussion980."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-5538.IBJU.2014.0500"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0391560318758195"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2014.0188"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"214","article-title":"Bladder neck contracture","volume":"3","author":"Simhan J","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2004.10.082"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2009.0011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-017-0723-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-021-00831-6"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"353","article-title":"Necessity of routine histopathological evaluation subsequent to bladder neck contracture resection","volume":"69","author":"Kaynar M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cent Eur\u00a0J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000511116"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Electrosurgical transurethral resection of the prostate and transurethral incision of the prostate (monopolar techniques)","volume":"22","author":"Taylor BL","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-009-0496-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)80081-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.3239"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-012-0127-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aam7928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-063014-123902"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.09800.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.03.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(94)00431-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2004.04550.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2012.04.036"}],"container-title":["The Prostate"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pros.24543","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T13:14:07Z","timestamp":1692537247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pros.24543"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pros.24543"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pros.24543","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-4137","1097-0045"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-4137","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0045","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}