{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T05:48:05Z","timestamp":1781848085285,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aberrant glycosylation of proteins is an important hallmark in multiple cancers. Prostate\u2010specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a highly glycosylated protein with 10 N\u2010linked glycosylation sites, is an Food and Drug Administration approved theranostic for prostate cancer. However, glycosylation changes in PSMA that are associated with prostate cancer disease progression have not been fully characterized.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated whether urinary PSMA sialylation correlate with high\u2010grade prostate cancer. Urine samples were collected from men after digital rectal examination (DRE) before prostate biopsy. Lectin\u2010antibody enzyme\u2010linked immunoassay was used to quantify \u03b12,3\u2010sialyl PSMA in post\u2010DRE urine samples from subjects with benign prostate tumors, Grade Group 1 prostate cancer and those with Grade Group \u22652 disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are significant increases in \u03b12,3\u2010sialylated PSMA in patients with Grade Group \u22652 disease compared to benign (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0009) and those with Grade Group 1 disease (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0063). There were no significant differences in \u03b12,3\u2010sialyl PSMA levels between Grade Group 1 and benign prostate tumors (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.7947).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study shows that there are significant differences in the abundance of \u03b12,3\u2010sialylated PSMA in post\u2010DRE urines from disease stratified prostate cancer patients, and the increase is correlated with progression and disease severity. The detection of increased PSMA sialyation in post\u2010DRE urines from patients with higher Grade Group \u22652 disease states provides novel untapped potential for the development of prognostic biomarkers for prostate cancer. Specifically, quantitation of \u03b12,3\u2010sialylated PSMA shows potential for discriminating between benign to intermediate grade disease, which is a significant clinical challenge in staging and risk stratification of prostate cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.24724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T12:34:10Z","timestamp":1715517250000},"page":"1067-1075","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Increased \u03b12,3\u2010sialyl N\u2010glycosylated prostate\u2010specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in post\u2010DRE urine is associated with high grade group prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Stephen","family":"Mackay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Neonatal\u2010Perinatal Medicine University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian O.","family":"Oduor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Children's Hospital of the Kings Daughters Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanya C.","family":"Burch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian P.","family":"Main","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean A.","family":"Troyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver J.","family":"Semmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2854-7510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julius O.","family":"Nyalwidhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology Eastern Virginia Medical School Norfolk Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12704"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000287"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.594141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-157-2-201207170-00459"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.3710"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"919","article-title":"PSMA expression on neovasculature of solid tumors","volume":"35","author":"Van de Wiele C","year":"2020","journal-title":"Histol. 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