{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T20:31:22Z","timestamp":1772915482810,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]],"date-time":"2006-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5679,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Calcium and calmodulin play significant roles in DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. In this work the effects of verapamil, trifluoperazine, and tamoxifen on <jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca uptake and cell growth in human prostatic tumor cells (DU 145) and human fibroblast cells (1 BR) were studied. Although the maximum proliferation was achieved at a concentration of around 2 mM CaCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in both DU 145 and 1 BR, growth of DU 145 cells was considerably greater than 1 BR at all calcium concentrations (0.1\u20134 mM). Calcium uptake experiments, using <jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca, revealed that the unstimulated <jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca uptake in 1 BR fibroblasts was 4\u20135 times higher than in DU 145 cancer cells. Depolarization with high extracellular K caused a 2\u20133\u2010fold increase in <jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca influx in 1 BR but only 25\u201355% increase in DU 145 cells. Verapamil caused a significant inhibition of cell growth with an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> value of 55 \u03bcM. Verapamil paradoxically increased <jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca uptake in both unstimulated and K\u2010stimulated DU 145 cells. Whereas unstimulated <jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca uptake could be blocked by very low concentrations of lathanum (10 \u03bcM), much higher concentrations (1\u201310 mM) were required to completely block uptake in K\u2010depolarized cells. Both trifluoperazine and tamoxifen also inhibited cell proliferation with an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> concentration of approximately 5 \u03bcM. These drugs, had, however, no effect on <jats:sup>45<\/jats:sup>Ca uptake either in unstimulated or depolarized cells. The results suggest that voltagegated calcium channels exist in both DU 145 cancer cells and fibroblasts. However, verapamil, in contrast to 1 BR, failed to block these channels in DU 145 cells. The mechanism of antiproliferative action of verapamil may be related to the observed, although paradoxical, increase in cellular calcium. The effect of trifluoperazine and tamoxifen does not involve changes in transmembrane calcium movements but could be mediated by their inhibition of calmodulin\u2010mediated reactions within the cell.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990190404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T02:08:29Z","timestamp":1172023709000},"page":"299-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effect of calcium and calcium antagonists on <sup>45<\/sup>Ca influx and cellular growth of human prostatic tumor cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Satish","family":"Batra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars 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