{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T09:48:36Z","timestamp":1774691316437,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]],"date-time":"2006-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4159,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Microwave irradiation administered by transurethral transducer to the prostate permits focused hyperthermia with resultant tissue ablation; a cooling system within the catheter allows urethral preservation. We evaluated the effect of microwave hyperthermia in 13 dogs receiving 48\u201379 min of focused irradiation (16\u201345 watts, intraprostatic temperature &gt;45\u00b0C) delivered by a specially\u2010designed transducer with an operator\u2010controlled directional antenna (T3, Urologix Inc., Minneapolis, MN); one other dog had transducer placement without irradiation (sham control). After treatment, the dogs were in good health, voiding well without complications, and were sacrificed after 5\u201338 days. The prostate and vasa deferentia were removed, fixed in 10% formalin, grossly inspected, cut at 5 mm intervals, and serially sectioned with whole mount sections; representative sections of the adjacent rectum and distal bladder were also obtained. All cases were histologically evaluated with prostatic mapping without knowledge of treatment or time of sacrifice. In the acute phase (5\u201313 days), the prostate showed sharply circumscribed periurethral coagulative necrosis with hemorrhage; necrosis was also seen in the mucosa and bladder wall of those with transducers placed at the bladder neck. In the subacute phase (17 days), the hemorrhagic necrosis was resolving, often with cystically dilated urethra due to sloughed necrotic tissue; the urothelium was intact. By 24\u201338 days, the necrosis was in the late stages of resolution, with residual patchy acute and chronic inflammation at the periphery, and frequent persistence of megalourethra. In all cases, the prostatic capsule was intact, the urethral mucosa was preserved, and the vasa deferentia and rectum were normal except for two cases with mild fat necrosis. Microwave irradiation allows precisely localized thermal ablation of prostatic tissue and enlargement of the urethral bore without clinical complications in dogs, offering promise as a therapeutic alternative to surgery in select patients with symptomatic prostatic nodular hyperplasia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990260303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,21]],"date-time":"2007-02-21T04:12:05Z","timestamp":1172031125000},"page":"116-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Transurethral microwave thermal therapy: Pathologic findings in the canine prostate"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"David G.","family":"Bostwick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thayne R.","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14700.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)37792-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1159\/000474793","article-title":"Comparative study between the use of a treatment with hyperthermia through the rectal approach versus the urethral approach for benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"21","author":"Serrate RG","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)36584-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"371","article-title":"Transurethral microwave thermotherapy versus transurethral resection for benign prostatic hyperplasia: preliminary results of a randomised study","volume":"147","author":"Pettersson S","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.1991.5.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02656739109004992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)39748-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)37625-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92482-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02656739109004985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)60386-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1159\/000474834","article-title":"First Canadian clinical study of transurethral hyperthermia in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Assessment of 220 patients","volume":"21","author":"Le May C","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","unstructured":"U.S. Public Health Service \u201cNational Institutes of Health Guide for Grants and Contracts Bethesda MD1985(June 25).\u201d p14."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"45","article-title":"The pathology of ultrasonically induced thermal ablation of the canine prostate","volume":"4","author":"Eble J","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.2990080112"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1991.tb15356.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"944","article-title":"Transurethral hyperthermia for benign prostatic hyperplasia: preliminary clinical results","volume":"143","author":"Sapoznik MD","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Urol"}],"container-title":["The Prostate"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fpros.2990260303","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/pros.2990260303","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T20:53:01Z","timestamp":1698353581000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/pros.2990260303"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/pros.2990260303"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pros.2990260303","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-4137","1097-0045"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-4137","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0045","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,3]]}}}