{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:53:01Z","timestamp":1777945981590,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TL1 DK132768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TL1 DK132768"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2C DK129496"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2C DK129496"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Prostate"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We previously found that higher insulin resistance (IR) was associated with larger prostate size and greater risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Since BPH is the most common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), we investigated whether IR is also linked to incidence and progression of LUTS in the REDUCE study, a 4\u2010year randomized trial of dutasteride vs. placebo for prostate cancer prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were required to complete the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire at recruitment and every subsequent 6 months. Fasting insulin and glucose levels were measured at study baseline, and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA\u2010IR) was calculated based on these values. Multivariable Cox regression was used to assess associations between HOMA\u2010IR and (1) LUTS incidence among asymptomatic patients (baseline IPSS\u2009&lt;\u20098); or (2) LUTS progression among symptomatic patients (baseline IPSS\u2009\u2265\u20098) respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      As previously reported within this cohort, at baseline, higher HOMA\u2010IR quartiles were correlated with larger prostate volumes among both asymptomatic (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092745;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and symptomatic patients (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091942;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007). However, among asymptomatic patients, HOMA\u2010IR whether analyzed as a continuous (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.74) or categorized variable (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2265\u20090.60) was not associated with LUTS incidence in multivariable analysis. Similarly, in symptomatic participants, no associations were found between HOMA\u2010IR and LUTS progression in multivariable analyses, whether HOMA\u2010IR was assessed as a categorical (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2265\u20090.46) or continuous variable (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.83).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although IR was linked to larger prostate volumes, it was not an independent risk factor of LUTS development or progression despite the known associations between BPH and LUTS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.70154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T06:53:55Z","timestamp":1773384835000},"page":"858-864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Does Insulin Resistance Predict Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms? Results From the Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer (REDUCE) Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4286-2544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renning","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Tsinghua Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Urology University of Louisville Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Mirocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7757-7823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez\u2010Tirado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, College of Medicine University of Illinois Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jay H.","family":"Fowke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8104-6419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Freedland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery Durham VA Health Care System Durham North Carolina 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