{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:01:52Z","timestamp":1790143312656,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001407","name":"Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BT\/PR41982\/PBD\/26\/822\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/PR41982\/PBD\/26\/822\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024793","name":"Wadhwani Research Centre for Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DO\/2025\u2010WRCB002\u2010119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DO\/2025\u2010WRCB002\u2010119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024793","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proteins"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The hydrolytic breakdown of cellobiose into glucose, catalyzed by \u03b2\u2010glucosidases, is the last and rate\u2010limiting step in cellulose saccharification for producing fermentable glucose in the bioethanol industry. This limitation arises because \u03b2\u2010glucosidase activity is inhibited by factors such as temperature, pH, and glucose accumulation in reactors. Enzyme inactivation leads to the buildup of cello\u2010oligosaccharides, which, in turn, inhibit upstream cellulases. Therefore, glucose\u2010tolerant \u03b2\u2010glucosidases are preferred for the formulation of industrial cellulase cocktails. In this study, we have recombinantly expressed, purified, and biochemically characterized a \u03b2\u2010glucosidase from the cellulolytic fungus\n                    <jats:italic>Fusarium odoratissimum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (FoBgl\u2010WT). FoBgl\u2010WT exhibits optimal cellobiose hydrolysis over a broad pH range (4.5\u20137.5), an important and industrially desirable property for its application in bioreactors. However, the glucose tolerance of FoBgl\u2010WT was ~0.56\u2009M. Structure\u2010based analyses were carried out to map the residues lining the active site of FoBgl, and their roles in stabilizing the product glucose (or even the substrate, cellobiose) were elucidated through a series of site\u2010specific mutations, followed by biochemical characterization of the resulting FoBgl mutants. Among all the mutants generated, FoBgl\u2010K256I and FoBgl\u2010K256W exhibit ~2\u20132.5\u2010fold enhancement in glucose tolerance. Further, the FoBgl\u2010K256W variant displayed a two\u2010fold improvement in catalytic efficiency compared to FoBgl\u2010WT. Double mutants of FoBgl\u2010WT targeting the +2 subsite of glucose binding further enhanced the glucose tolerance levels; however, the catalytic efficiencies decreased considerably. The structure\u2010based rational engineering efforts improve glucose tolerance and the kinetic properties of FoBgl mutants, making it a useful and promising candidate enzyme for industrial cellulase cocktails.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.70178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:15:46Z","timestamp":1790140546000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Engineering Glucose\u2010Tolerant Variants by Probing Residues Lining the Active Site of a Fungal \u03b2\u2010Glucosidase"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1914-5108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barnava","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dipayan","family":"Chatterjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2064-0542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pritha","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8023-6168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chinmay","family":"Kamale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1257-9809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prasenjit","family":"Bhaumik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay  Mumbai India"},{"name":"Wadhwani Research Centre for Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15010016","article-title":"Pollution From Fossil\u2010Fuel Combustion Is the Leading Environmental Threat to Global Pediatric Health and Equity: Solutions Exist","volume":"15","author":"Perera F.","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gsf.2023.101757","article-title":"Natural Resource Scarcity, Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption, and Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Top Emitting Countries","volume":"15","author":"Wang J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geoscience Frontiers"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.11.089","article-title":"Review on Bioethanol as Alternative Fuel for Spark Ignition Engines","volume":"56","author":"Thangavelu S. K.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2014.09.101","article-title":"A Review of Emission Products From Bioethanol and Its Blends With Gasoline. Background for New Guidelines for Emission Control","volume":"140","author":"Manzetti S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9266","DOI":"10.1002\/er.5557","article-title":"Sustainability of the Four Generations of Biofuels \u2013 A Review","volume":"44","author":"Mat Aron N. S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Energy Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2024.119037","article-title":"Trends and Advances in Sustainable Bioethanol Production Technologies From First to Fourth Generation: A Critical Review","volume":"321","author":"Abdul Kareem Joyia M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy Conversion and Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2014.01.127","article-title":"Integration of the First and Second Generation Bioethanol Processes and the Importance of By\u2010Products","volume":"165","author":"Lennartsson P. R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioresource Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjche.2019.05.012","article-title":"Advances of Macroalgae Biomass for the Third Generation of Bioethanol Production","volume":"28","author":"Tan I. S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.07.064","article-title":"A Review on Third Generation Bioethanol Feedstock","volume":"65","author":"Jambo S. A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4709","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1618360114","article-title":"Lignocellulose Pretreatment in a Fungus\u2010Cultivating Termite","volume":"114","author":"Li H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.04.047","article-title":"Importance of Chemical Pretreatment for Bioconversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass","volume":"36","author":"Behera S.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818862-0.00005-4","volume-title":"Advances in 2nd Generation of Bioethanol Production","author":"Wang T.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2017.05.225","article-title":"Recent Advances in Second Generation Bioethanol Production: An Insight to Pretreatment, Saccharification and Fermentation Processes","volume":"80","author":"Rastogi M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2014.10.049","article-title":"Saccharification of Carbohydrates in Microalgal Biomass by Physical, Chemical and Enzymatic Pre\u2010Treatments as a Previous Step for Bioethanol Production","volume":"262","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez D.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44726","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA08129C","article-title":"Blending of Cellulolytic Enzyme Preparations From Different Fungal Sources for Improved Cellulose Hydrolysis by Increasing Synergism","volume":"4","author":"Adsul M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"RSC Advances"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260270402","article-title":"Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Cellulose: Effect of Ethanol on Enzymatic Saccharification of Cellulose","volume":"27","author":"Ooshima H.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2017.08.031","article-title":"Synergistic Action of an Aspergillus (Hemi\u2010)cellulolytic Consortium on Sugarcane Bagasse Saccharification","volume":"109","author":"Oliveira Rodrigues P.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Industrial Crops and Products"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2008.06.050","article-title":"Value Addition to Corncob: Production and Characterization of Xylooligosaccharides From Alkali Pretreated Lignin\u2010Saccharide Complex Using Aspergillus Oryzae MTCC 5154","volume":"100","author":"Aachary A. A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioresource Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1021\/bp010114u","article-title":"Shear Deactivation of Cellulase, Exoglucanase, Endoglucanase, and \u03b2\u2010Glucosidase in a Mechanically Agitated Reactor","volume":"17","author":"Gunjikar T. P.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biotechnology Progress"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-3263-0_17","volume-title":"Green\u2010Bio\u2010Processes","author":"Anoop Kumar V.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1985.tb08653.x","article-title":"The Cellulase of Trichoderma viride","volume":"146","author":"Beldman G.","year":"1985","journal-title":"European Journal of Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.615"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-821882-2.00015-6","volume-title":"Current Status and Future Scope of Microbial Cellulases","author":"Pandey P.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s002530000462","article-title":"\u03b2\u2010Glucosidase Multiplicity From Aspergillus Tubingensis CBS 643.92: Purification and Characterization of Four \u03b2\u2010Glucosidases and Their Differentiation With Respect to Substrate Specificity, Glucose Inhibition and Acid Tolerance","volume":"55","author":"Decker C. H.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3165","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.9.3165-3170.1996","article-title":"Production, Purification, and Characterization of a Highly Glucose\u2010Tolerant Novel Beta\u2010Glucosidase From Candida Peltata","volume":"62","author":"Saha B. C.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2018.07.137","article-title":"Glucose Tolerant and Glucose Stimulated \u03b2\u2010Glucosidases \u2013 A Review","volume":"267","author":"Salgado J. C. S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioresource Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59259-837-3_90","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Twenty\u2010Fifth Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals Held May 4\u20137, 2003, in Breckenridge, CO","author":"Xiao Z.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcatb.2016.08.010","article-title":"Two\u2010 Way Dynamics in \u03b2\u2010Glucosidase Catalysis","volume":"133","author":"Sawant S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.17394"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.12.076","article-title":"Bioethanol Production From Renewable Sources: Current Perspectives and Technological Progress","volume":"71","author":"Zabed H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6572017","article-title":"Protein Engineering","volume":"219","author":"Ulmer K. M.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2014.12.007","article-title":"Laccase Engineering: From Rational Design to Directed Evolution","volume":"33","author":"Mate D. M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biotechnology Advances"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2005.06.004","article-title":"Semi\u2010Rational Approaches to Engineering Enzyme Activity: Combining the Benefits of Directed Evolution and Rational Design","volume":"16","author":"Chica R. A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1186\/s13068-015-0383-z","article-title":"Engineering a Novel Glucose\u2010Tolerant \u03b2\u2010Glucosidase as Supplementation to Enhance the Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse at High Glucose Concentration","volume":"8","author":"Cao L.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biotechnology for Biofuels"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.22340","article-title":"Fast Identification of Thermostable Beta\u2010Glucosidase Mutants on Cellobiose by a Novel Combinatorial Selection\/Screening Approach","volume":"103","author":"Liu W.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4903","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41300-3","article-title":"An Engineered GH1 \u03b2\u2010Glucosidase Displays Enhanced Glucose Tolerance and Increased Sugar Release From Lignocellulosic Materials","volume":"9","author":"Santos C. A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s13237-024-00501-6","article-title":"Fungal Cellulases: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"68","author":"Kant S.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nucleus"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1107\/S1399004714006920","article-title":"Structural Basis for Glucose Tolerance in GH1 \u03b2\u2010Glucosidases","volume":"70","author":"Giuseppe P. O.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Crystallographica, Section D: Biological Crystallography"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03819-2","article-title":"Highly Accurate Protein Structure Prediction With AlphaFold","volume":"596","author":"Jumper J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21287","article-title":"CHARMM: The Biomolecular Simulation Program","volume":"30","author":"Brooks B. R.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Computational Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20945","article-title":"CHARMM\u2010GUI: A Web\u2010Based Graphical User Interface for CHARMM","volume":"29","author":"Jo S.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Computational Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.15045","article-title":"Crystal Structures of Aspergillus oryzae Exo\u2010\u03b2\u2010(1,3)\u2010Glucanase Reveal Insights Into Oligosaccharide Binding, Recognition, and Hydrolysis","volume":"599","author":"Banerjee B.","year":"2025","journal-title":"FEBS Letters"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","unstructured":"A. M.Lali A. A.Odenath S. H.Birhade J. J.Victoria andS. C.Sawant \u201cWIPO Patent Application no. WO2015107415A1 \u201d2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.01.02.631061"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(01)00220-9","article-title":"Structures and Mechanisms of Glycosyl Hydrolases","volume":"3","author":"Davies G.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1021\/ar300024d","article-title":"Carbohydrate\u2013Aromatic Interactions","volume":"46","author":"Asensio J. L.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Accounts of Chemical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2012.08.007","article-title":"Key Aromatic Residues at Sub\u2010Sites +2 and +3 of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 31 \u03b1\u2010Glucosidase Contribute to Recognition of Long\u2010Chain Substrates","volume":"1834","author":"Tagami T.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-010-0399-2","article-title":"\u03b2\u2010Glucosidases","volume":"67","author":"Ketudat Cairns J. R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02930818","article-title":"Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Lignocellulose","volume":"18","author":"Wright J. D.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2024.108049","article-title":"A GH1 \u03b2\u2010Glucosidase From the \n                     Fervidobacterium pennivorans\n                   DSM9078 Showed Extraordinary Thermostability and Distinctive Ability in the Efficient Transformation of Ginsenosides","volume":"154","author":"Zhou K.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioorganic Chemistry"}],"container-title":["Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prot.70178","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/prot.70178","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prot.70178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:15:53Z","timestamp":1790140553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/prot.70178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/prot.70178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prot.70178","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-3585","1097-0134"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-3585","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0134","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"prot.70178"}}