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It also can enhance the effectiveness of anticancer agents. However, the detailed mechanisms of the effects of C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    remain unclear in both normal and cancerous cells. The C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    mutant called C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    194 binds only to claudin\u20104, but the C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    194 mutant called C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    m19 binds not only to claudin\u20104 but also to claudin\u20101. In the present study, to investigate the mechanisms of the effects of C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    on claudin expression, the tight junctional functions and the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents, human pancreatic cancer cells, and normal human pancreatic duct epithelial cells (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    s) were treated with C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    194 and C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    m19. In well\u2010differentiated cells of the pancreatic cancer cell line\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    194 and C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    m19 disrupted both the barrier and fence functions without changes in expression of claudin\u20101 and \u20104, together with an increase of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAPK<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    phosphorylation. C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    194, but not C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    m19, enhanced the cytotoxicity of the anticancer agents gemcitabine and S\u20101. In poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer cell line\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PANC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u20101, C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    194, but not C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    m19, decreased claudin\u20104 expression and enhanced\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAPK<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    activity and the cytotoxicity of the anticancer agents. In normal\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    s, C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    194 and C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    m19 decreased claudin\u20104 expression and enhanced the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAPK<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    activity, whereas they did not affect the cytotoxicity of the anticancer agents. Our findings suggest that the claudin\u20104 binder C\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    194 enhances effects of anticancer agents on pancreatic cancer cell lines via a\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAPK<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    pathway.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,22]],"date-time":"2015-12-22T07:58:28Z","timestamp":1450771108000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Claudin\u20104 binder C\u2010CPE 194 enhances effects of anticancer agents on pancreatic cancer cell lines via a\n                    <scp>MAPK<\/scp>\n                    pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Kono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Sapporo 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