{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:34:44Z","timestamp":1790832884183,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology Res &amp; Perspec"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite effective medications, rates of uncontrolled hypertension remain high. Treatment protocols are largely based on randomized trials and meta\u2010analyses of these studies. The objective of this study was to test the utility of machine learning of big data in gaining insight into the treatment of hypertension. We applied machine learning techniques such as decision trees and neural networks, to identify determinants that contribute to the success of hypertension drug treatment on a large set of patients. We also identified concomitant drugs not considered to have antihypertensive activity, which may contribute to lowering blood pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content>) control. Higher initial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content> predicts lower success rates. Among the medication options and their combinations, treatment with beta blockers appears to be more commonly effective, which is not reflected in contemporary guidelines. Among numerous concomitant drugs taken by hypertensive patients, proton pump inhibitors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPI<\/jats:styled-content>s), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HMG CO<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A reductase inhibitors (statins) significantly improved the success rate of hypertension. In conclusions, machine learning of big data is a novel method to identify effective antihypertensive therapy and for repurposing medications already on the market for new indications. Our results related to beta blockers, stemming from machine learning of a large and diverse set of big data, in contrast to the much narrower criteria for randomized clinic trials (RCTs), should be corroborated and affirmed by other methods, as they hold potential promise for an old class of drugs which may be presently underutilized. These previously unrecognized effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPI<\/jats:styled-content>s and statins have been very recently identified as effective in lowering <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content> in preliminary clinical observations, lending credibility to our big data results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T13:36:31Z","timestamp":1524576991000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Machine learning of big data in gaining insight into successful treatment of hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9234-0875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gideon","family":"Koren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maccabi-Kahn Institute of Research and Innovation and Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Galia","family":"Nordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kira","family":"Radinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varda","family":"Shalev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maccabi-Kahn Institute of Research and Innovation and Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"A global brief on hypertension: silent killer global public health crisis: World Health Day 2013.http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/79059. 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Volume I: Techniques of Computation Descriptive Methods, and Statistical Inference","author":"Chakravarti M","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"CD002003","article-title":"Beta\u2010blockers for hypertension","volume":"6","author":"Wiysonge CS","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32832b1e78"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09902"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"142","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors therapy and blood pressure control","volume":"6","author":"Joya\u2010Vazquez P","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S104366180200124X"}],"container-title":["Pharmacology Research &amp; Perspectives"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fprp2.396","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prp2.396","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T12:44:33Z","timestamp":1695473073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/prp2.396"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/prp2.396"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prp2.396","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-1707","2052-1707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2052-1707","type":"print"},{"value":"2052-1707","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00396"}}