{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:06:47Z","timestamp":1753870007260,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]],"date-time":"2019-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology Res &amp; Perspec"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Investigating the prescribing trend is important to improve rational prescribing. This study aimed at assessing the cardiovascular drug use, pattern, and its impact on clinical outcome. A cross\u2010sectional study was employed in the outpatient department of chronic illness clinic of Gondar University specialized hospital, Ethiopia from 15 January 2017 to 15 March 2017. The independent variables were sociodemographic, medication, and other clinical information while cardiovascular disease improvement is the outcome variable. Binary logistic regression was used to test the association between the independent variables and the outcome variable. Kaplan Meier curve was used to analyze the clinical improvement while the Log\u2010rank test was employed to compare the clinical outcome with the number of medications. Eight hundred thirty\u2010three cardiovascular patient medical records were included in the final analysis. The majority (62.5%) of patients were females and more than 61% were above 50\u00a0years of age. Diuretics monotherapy accounted for a third (33.6%) of cardiovascular drug use, followed by combination therapy of angiotensin convertase enzyme inhibitors with Diuretics (21.8%) and calcium channel blockers with diuretics (8.3%). Cardiovascular patients followed for 72\u00a0months found to have a good level of clinical improvement on combination medication (Log Rank of 28.9, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.000). In this study, diuretics monotherapy or in combination with angiotensin convertase enzyme inhibitors were found to be the frequently prescribed drugs in cardiovascular patients. Combination therapy has an implication for good cardiovascular improvement on long term follow\u2010up. It seems clinicians were restricted to certain cardiovascular medications while plenty of choices are available from the diverse classes of cardiovascular drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T03:44:36Z","timestamp":1555904676000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prescribing trend in cardiovascular patients at Ethiopian university hospital: The number of medications and implication on the clinical improvement"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9205-9442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonas G.","family":"Tefera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Pharmacy College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar  Gondar Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamrat B.","family":"Abebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Pharmacy College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar  Gondar Ethiopia"},{"name":"Master's program in Health Economics, Policy and Management Department of Learning Informatics, Management and Ethics LIME Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abebe B.","family":"Mekuria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar  Gondar Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Misganaw S.","family":"Kelkay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Pharmacy Department Gondar University Specialized Hospital  Gondar Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadesse M.","family":"Abegaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Pharmacy College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar  Gondar Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.04.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global status report on noncommunicable diseases World Health Organization.2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-004-1559-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18295\/squmj.2015.15.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S131259"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.758"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.3.332"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IPRP.S124047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Patterns of drug utilization in inpatients department, Jimma hospital south west Ethiopia","volume":"15","author":"Mengistu A","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Sci"},{"volume-title":"Promoting rational use of medicines: core components","year":"2002","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/16.1.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2097-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"353","article-title":"Combination pharmacotherapy to prevent cardiovascular disease: present status and challenges","volume":"35","author":"Yusuf S","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-6-200503150-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7418.807"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"172","article-title":"Evaluation of prescribing pattern of antihypertensive drugs in a tertiary care hospital","volume":"3","author":"Arief M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Chim Pharma Indica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"A baseline survey on prescribing indicators and the underlying factors influencing prescribing in Southern Ethiopia","volume":"12","author":"Dilbato DD","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Dev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2008.01937.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-9842(02)00256-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease prevalence and prescription patterns at a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh","volume":"2","author":"Muhit MA","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Appl Pharm Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2637051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"214","article-title":"Patterns and determinants of cardiovascular drug utilization in coronary care unit patients of a tertiary care hospital","volume":"4","author":"George J","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Dis Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"2511","article-title":"Surveillance on prescribed cardiovascular drugs by generic names in Dhaka city of Bangladesh","volume":"4","author":"Khalid Labu Z","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Life Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-010-9476-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/520915"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","first-page":"519","article-title":"Assessment of prescribing, dispensing, and patient use pattern of antihypertensive drugs for patients attending outpatient department of Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia","volume":"9","author":"Shukrala F","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/ijmsph.2014.170420146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","unstructured":"Gondar Univeristy Specialized hospital Statistics and Information Office. Annual Report on Health Services and Employees.2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","unstructured":"SilwerL.Public Health Aspects of Pharmaceutical Prescription Patterns: Exemplified by treatments for prevention of cardiovascular disease: Nordic School of Public Health NHV G\u00f6teborg Sweden;2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"The pattern of cardiac diseases at the cardiac clinic of Jimma University specialised hospital, south West Ethiopia","volume":"20","author":"Habte B","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000174417"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2261-14-33"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","first-page":"772","article-title":"The changing pattern of cardiovascular diseases in Ethiopia","volume":"70","author":"Maru M","year":"1993","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.284427"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","unstructured":"Authority FMHCAaC.Standard Treatment Guidelines for General Hospitals in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa Ethiopia.: Ministry of Health; FMHACA;2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.7.2.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.539775"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.802314"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.103234"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.10.901"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.1.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2010.09.016"}],"container-title":["Pharmacology Research &amp; Perspectives"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fprp2.474","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prp2.474","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/prp2.474","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prp2.474","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T18:20:30Z","timestamp":1694370030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/prp2.474"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/prp2.474"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prp2.474","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-1707","2052-1707"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2052-1707"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2052-1707"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-12-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00474"}}