{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T06:28:26Z","timestamp":1785824906734,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology Res &amp; Perspec"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>To understand differences in anti\u2010factor\u2010Xa levels produced by two different dosing strategies (conventional and individualized) for therapeutic enoxaparin in a cohort of hospital inpatients. A multicenter, retrospective cohort study over a two\u2010 and a half\u2010year period for inpatients with stable renal function and on therapeutic enoxaparin. Anti\u2010factor\u2010Xa levels were taken 3\u20135\u2009h after enoxaparin administration and a minimum of 48\u2009h of dosing. The final analysis included 278 patients from five hospitals: conventional dosing was used for 141, while 137 were given an unconventional dose, that is, individualized for their renal function and weight. Out\u2010of\u2010range levels were frequent (35% to 40% of all inpatients). After adjustment for age, renal function, and body mass index (BMI), the conventional group was more likely to experience above\u2010range levels (&gt;\u20091.0\u2009IU\/mL; OR 2.50 [95% CI 1.38\u20134.56], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.003) than the individualized group. Individualized dosing was independently associated with higher odds of a below\u2010range anti\u2010Xa level (&lt;\u20090.5\u2009IU\/mL) compared to conventional dosing (OR 2.27 [95% CI 1.07\u20134.76], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). Within the conventional group, above\u2010range levels were significantly and independently associated with decreasing renal function (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96\u20130.99, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004) and with increasing BMI (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.10, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02). No such associations were seen with an individualized approach. Clinical event rates were low and not different between groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.24). Conventional therapeutic dosing of enoxaparin exposed people with obesity or renal impairment to more frequent above\u2010range anti\u2010factor\u2010Xa levels; individualizing the dose could improve this but might expose people to subtherapeutic levels. More research is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.70039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T14:18:36Z","timestamp":1737728316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Clinical Practice\u2010Based Comparison of Conventional and Individualized Dosing Strategies for Therapeutic Enoxaparin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Anthony","family":"Damiani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SA Pharmacy Central Adelaide Local Health Network  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6052-0273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviane","family":"De Menezes Caceres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health Science and Practice The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia 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