{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T09:03:17Z","timestamp":1782464597620,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology Res &amp; Perspec"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sitafloxacin is one of the oral respiratory quinolones for the treatment of community\u2010acquired pneumonia. The pharmacokinetic (PK) changes of sitafloxacin in critical illness have been previously reported. However, sitafloxacin exposure and target attainment have never been confirmed in this population. To develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model of sitafloxacin, plasma and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) concentrations were obtained after sitafloxacin administration as a 200\u2010mg single dose under fasting condition in 12 subjects. A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a nonlinear mixed\u2010effects modeling approach. The probability of target attainment (PTA) and cumulative fraction of response (CFR) against the MIC distribution of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> isolated from Thai patients was estimated by Monte Carlo simulations. The pharmacokinetics of sitafloxacin in plasma was best described by a one\u2010compartment model linking to the ELF compartment. The partition coefficient which relates drug exposure in ELF to drug exposure in plasma was estimated to be 0.77. Age was a significant covariate that impacted the relative bioavailability. Results from Monte Carlo simulations showed that the maximum approved dose of sitafloxacin 100\u2009mg q 12\u2009h provided &gt;\u200990% PTA and CFR in both plasma and ELF. The current maximal dosing of sitafloxacin provided adequate exposure in plasma and ELF for the treatment of critically ill Thai patients with pneumonia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.70081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T02:33:42Z","timestamp":1742783622000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Sitafloxacin in Plasma and Alveolar Epithelial Lining Fluid of Critically Ill Thai Patients With Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6193-6433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taniya","family":"Paiboonvong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University  Pathum Thani Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6782-2939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preecha","family":"Montakantikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navarat","family":"Panjasawatwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care Faculty of Pharmacy, Payap University  Chiang Mai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noppaket","family":"Singkham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Care School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao  Phayao Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baralee","family":"Punyawudho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.6.2101-2107.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11207380-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2004.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156\u2010012\u20100543\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181961bff"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00800-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-007-9066-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-016-9487-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"S6","article-title":"Comparative In\u00a0Vitro Activity of Sitafloxacin Against Bacteria Isolated From Thai Patients With Urinary Tract Infections and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections","volume":"95","author":"Tiengrim S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/psp4.12034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-013-0580-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"273","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Dysmotility in Critically Ill Patients","volume":"31","author":"Ladopoulos T.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annals of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00133-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000150265.42067.4C"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270009355160"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2017.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138920011796504527"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(00)00344-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0049825011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/46.4.633"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute \u201cPerformance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Thirty\u2010Four Informational Supplement. CLSI Document M100 \u201dClinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2024)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing \u201cBreakpoint Tables for Interpretation of MICs and Zone Diameters Version 13.0 \u201dEuropean Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2017.068"}],"container-title":["Pharmacology Research &amp; Perspectives"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prp2.70081","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T08:23:10Z","timestamp":1744791790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/prp2.70081"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/prp2.70081"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prp2.70081","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-1707","2052-1707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2052-1707","type":"print"},{"value":"2052-1707","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70081"}}