{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:38:48Z","timestamp":1787315928514,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology Res &amp;amp; Perspec"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hexahydrocannabinol, a hydrogenated derivative of cannabinol, first came to the Czech Toxicological Information Centre (TIC) following reports of poisonings in May 2022. We conducted a retrospective observational study examining self\u2010reported cases of hexahydrocannabinol and hexahydrocannabiphorol exposure reported to the TIC from May 17, 2022, to April 30, 2024. Of 236 cases reported, 40 (17%) were excluded. The median age of patients was 18\u2009years (range 1.5\u201373), with a male predominance of 55.8%. Notably, 39 children under 15\u2009years constituted 19% of the cases. The primary exposure routes were ingestion (196 cases; 67.5%) and inhalation via smoking or vaping (62 cases; 31.5%). The clinical manifestations included neurological (74%), cardiovascular (43.1%), gastrointestinal (42.6%), psychiatric (21%), ocular (24.9%), and metabolic symptoms (14.7%). Physician intervention was required in 172 cases (87.8%). Severity assessment revealed mild symptoms in 119 patients (60.4%), moderate in 66 (33.5%), and severe in 12 (6.1%). Outcomes were favorable with recovery in 98% of cases; no fatalities were reported. Hexahydrocannabinol and hexahydrocannabiphorol exposures primarily resulted in neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal effects, and other symptoms, with several cases being serious. Legislative changes impacting these poisonings require further evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.70162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T05:44:51Z","timestamp":1756187091000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hexahydrocannabinol and Hexahydrocannabiphorol Poisonings: Data From the Czech Toxicology Information Centre and Effects of Legislative Changes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7647-4120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"\u010ce\u010drle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Toxicological Information Centre General University Hospital  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milada","family":"B\u011bhounkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Toxicological Information Centre General University Hospital  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate\u0159ina","family":"Kot\u00edkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Toxicological Information Centre General University Hospital  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergej","family":"Zacharov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Medicine First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Toxicological Information Centre General University Hospital  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"International Narcotics Control Board \u201cList of Psychotropic Substances Under International Control Annex to the Annual Statistical Report on Psychotropic Substances \u201d(2022) https:\/\/www.incb.org\/documents\/Psychotropics\/forms\/greenlist\/2022\/Green_List_E.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13710"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Act on Addictive Substances and Amendment of Certain Other Acts \u201cAct No. 167\/1998 Coll \u201dhttps:\/\/www.zakonyprolidi.cz\/cs\/1998\u2010167\/zneni\u201020220201."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","volume-title":"Technical Report Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) and Related Substances","author":"Ujvary I.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2022.0253"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.3c00254"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2021.107590"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm100641g"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1559"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091\u20103057(86)90015\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm00347a021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563659809028940"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/PMC.S32171"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2018.1548708"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.107726"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","unstructured":"TOXINZ \u201cTetrahydrocannabinol (Cannabis Extract) \u201dhttps:\/\/www.toxinz.com."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2024.2318409"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","volume-title":"Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference","author":"Pagana K. D.","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Pharmacology Research &amp; Perspectives"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prp2.70162","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T17:06:50Z","timestamp":1760980010000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/prp2.70162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/prp2.70162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prp2.70162","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-1707","2052-1707"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2052-1707","type":"print"},{"value":"2052-1707","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70162"}}