{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T17:03:24Z","timestamp":1767978204553,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1F1A1064002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1F1A1064002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Process Safety Progress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, the effects of water mist spray characteristics on thermal radiation attenuation were experimentally investigated using five types of external and internal mixing twin\u2010fluid nozzles with a full\u2010cone spray pattern. To the best of our knowledge, this may be the first attempt to experimentally examine the separate effects of water mist spray characteristics on thermal radiation attenuation. Water and air supply pressures were measured, and their values were 1.3\u201355.5 and 29.8\u2013316\u2009kPa, respectively. The Sauter mean diameter and volume median diameter of the water mist were measured to be 20\u201399\u2009\u03bcm and 21\u2013108\u2009\u03bcm, respectively. The spray angle and width of the water mist were approximately 20\u00b0 and 110\u2009mm, respectively. The thermal radiation attenuation afforded by the water mist discharged from the twin\u2010fluid nozzle increased with increasing water and air flow rates and decreasing droplet sizes. Within the experimental range, the thermal radiation attenuation was approximately 6.9%\u201328.4%. Based on experimental data, the effects of the water flow rate and droplet size on thermal radiation attenuation were examined independently. The dependence of the thermal radiation attenuation on the droplet size was greater than that on the water flow rate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/prs.12421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T09:25:45Z","timestamp":1663752345000},"page":"141-154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Experimental evaluation of individual effects of water mist spray characteristics on thermal radiation attenuation using twin\u2010fluid nozzles with full\u2010cone spray pattern"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Jae Geun","family":"Jo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Architectural and Fire Protection Engineering Pukyong National University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7422-3491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Architectural and Fire Protection Engineering Pukyong National University  Busan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Fire Protection Engineering Pukyong National University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2021.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104239159901000303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2007.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3801\/IAFSS.FSS.4\u201047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015322428719"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/er.4158"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en13195117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2020.101801"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2015.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1371921"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2005.06.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2017.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"MurrellJV CrowhurstD RockP.Experimental study of the thermal radiation attenuation of sprays from selected hydraulic nozzles. Paper presented at Halon Options Technical Working Conference. May 9\u201311 1995 Albuquerque NM USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prs.11904"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Radiation blockage of water curtains","volume":"9","author":"Cheung WY","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Eng Performance\u2010Based Fire Codes"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Recent experimental studies on blocking heat and smoke by a water curtain","volume":"10","author":"Chow WK","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Eng Performance\u2010Based Fire Codes"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734904115585796"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2020.06.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2021.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315120911"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360\u20101285(99)00012\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","first-page":"170","article-title":"Review on water mist fire suppression system","volume":"5","author":"Zhu N","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Eng Performance\u2010Based Fire Codes"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expthermflusci.2012.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.firesaf.2012.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app11073247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2021.01.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3801\/IAFSS.FSS.11\u20101196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10407781003744722"}],"container-title":["Process Safety Progress"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prs.12421","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/prs.12421","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/prs.12421","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T16:41:49Z","timestamp":1761064909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aiche.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/prs.12421"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/prs.12421"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prs.12421","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1066-8527","1547-5913"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1066-8527","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-5913","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-06-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}