{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:42:27Z","timestamp":1791160947036,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,15]],"date-time":"2005-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ambient air concentrations of nine selected pesticides used in potato cultivation were investigated on Prince Edward Island by collecting samples during the summer of 1998 at three potato farm sites and one non\u2010agricultural site. In 1999, air samples were collected at a single potato farm site during local application of pesticides. The fungicide chlorothalonil was the only pesticide detected in every sample in both years, even in samples with a duration as little as 5 h. In 1998, maximum (45\u2013458 ng m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>) and mean (22\u2013193 ng m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>) concentrations of chlorothalonil from composite 42 h samples were one to two orders of magnitude greater at agricultural sites than at the non\u2010agricultural site (3.9 and 2.5 ng m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>, respectively). Maximum and mean concentrations of chlorothalonil from combined 24 h samples at the farm site in 1999 were higher than those measured in 1998 (636 and 284 ng m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>, respectively). The ubiquitous presence in air of relatively high concentrations of chlorothalonil in agricultural areas on Prince Edward Island is likely related to its repeated use on potato farms where fungicides account for 80\u201390% of pesticides applied. Eight of nine pesticides were detected at farm sites in 1998 and they are ranked by mean concentration from highest to lowest as follows: chlorothalonil, methamidophos, azinphos\u2010methyl, \u03b1\u2010endosulfan, \u03b2\u2010endosulfan, pirimicarb, metobromuron, metribuzin, metalaxyl and fluazifop\u2010P\u2010butyl. Concentrations of metalaxyl, pirimicarb, metobromuron and fluazifop\u2010P\u2010butyl in air are among the first reported values for these pesticides. Five pesticides were detected at the Summerside farm in 1999, but only two fungicides (chlorothalonil and metalaxyl) were used locally, while the presence of metribuzin, \u03b1\u2010endosulfan and methamidophos in air was not associated with local application. Evidence of pesticide drift was observed for chlorothalonil, \u03b1\u2010endosulfan and methamidophos, and these pesticides were identified as being of high concern in terms of potential wildlife exposure on the Island. Copyright \u00a9 2005 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,15]],"date-time":"2005-12-15T14:16:27Z","timestamp":1134656187000},"page":"126-136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Ambient air concentrations of pesticides used in potato cultivation in Prince Edward Island, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Louise M","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R","family":"Ernst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Julien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Garron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Leger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","unstructured":"Prince Edward Island Department of Agriculture and Forestry 1999 Agricultural statistics vol 33 (2000)."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","unstructured":"Statistics Canada Agriculture Division statistical bulletin: Canadian potato production. [Online]. Catalogue no. 22\u2010008\u2010UIB (2002). Available:http:\/\/www.statcan.ca\/english\/freepub\/22\u2010008\u2010UIB\/22\u2010008\u2010UIB02002.pdf[August 2003]."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","unstructured":"Prince Edward Island Department of Fisheries Aquaculture and Environment State of the environment. [Online]. (2003). Available:http:\/\/www.gov.pe.ca\/photos\/original\/fae_soe_report.pdf[August 2003]."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","unstructured":"Prince Edward IslandDepartment of Agriculture and Forestry Roundtable report (2004)."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es962399q"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620171003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","unstructured":"Environment Canada.Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement Annex 15: Integrated atmospheric deposition network sampling protocol manual (SPM). 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Available:http:\/\/www.croplife.ca\/english\/aboutcpi\/industrystatistics.html[September 2003]."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","volume-title":"Pesticides in the atmosphere: distribution, trends and governing factors","author":"Majewski MS","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2003.1611"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","unstructured":"UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) North American Regional Report. UNEP Chemicals regionally\u2010based assessment of persistent toxic chemicals. [Online]. (2002). 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Available:www.epa.gov\/oppsrrd1\/REDs\/0097red.pdf[June 2003]."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620170806"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620211211"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/agro:2001003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","unstructured":"Van den BergF BorG SmidtRA Van de Peppel\u2010GroenAE SmeltJH M\u00fcllerTandMaurerT Volatilization of parathion and chlorothalonil after spraying onto a potato crop: Report 102 Agricultural Research Department Winand Staring Centre for Integrated Land Soil and Water Research (1995)."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","unstructured":"Arizona Department of Environmental Quality Arizona ambient air quality guidelines (AAAQGs). [Online]. (1994). Available:http:\/\/www.adeq.state.az.us\/environ\/air\/permit\/download\/ambient.pdf[July 2003]."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","unstructured":"US EPA Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED): Metalaxyl. 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