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Spread of the disease is reduced by controlling the mosquito vectors by a variety of means, including the use of pyrethroid insecticides, which are currently under scrutiny for potential carcinogenic effects in humans. Pyrethrins and resmethrin, a pyrethroid, have been shown to cause tumours in rat and mouse models respectively. However, the tumours appear to be caused by liver enzyme induction and hypertrophy rather than genotoxicity, and the results are therefore unlikely to be applicable to humans. Nonetheless, for resmethrin, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has concluded that there is a likely risk of carcinogenicity in humans, requiring the manufacturers to provide more detailed data to prove that it can be used safely in vector control. Reproductive toxicity of resmethrin in the rat is also discussed. Copyright \u00a9 2007 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,1]],"date-time":"2007-06-01T12:16:48Z","timestamp":1180700208000},"page":"625-627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Public safety aspects of pyrethroid insecticides used in West Nile virus\u2010carrying mosquito control"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Derek W","family":"Gammon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_2","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncidod\/dvbid\/westnile\/[27 February 2007]."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_2","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.nlm.nih.gov\/medlineplus\/druginfo\/medmaster\/a601105.html[12 January 2007]."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_2","unstructured":"US EPA Pyrethrins risk assessments: notice of availability.Federal Register70(80):21754\u201321756. 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SOT Conference New Orleans (2005)."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(97)00035-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2006.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_2","unstructured":"USEPA Resmethrin re\u2010registration eligibility decision: notice of availability.Federal Register71(143):42389\u201342390. EPA\u2010HQ\u2010OPP\u20102005\u20100284 (2006)."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_2","unstructured":"Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 Ch. 66 added by Proposition 65:http:\/\/www.oehha.ca.gov\/prop65.html. [12 January 2007] ."}],"container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fps.1395","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.1395","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T10:47:41Z","timestamp":1761043661000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ps.1395"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ps.1395"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ps.1395","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-498X","1526-4998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-498X","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-12-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2007-03-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2007-06-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}