{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:52:25Z","timestamp":1786978345328,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,10]],"date-time":"2008-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1221004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Cashew (\n                    <jats:italic>Anacardium occidentale<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.) has become a very important non\u2010traditional tree crop in Ghana. The crop is, however, attacked by sap\u2010sucking insects, particularly the mosquito bug,\n                    <jats:italic>Helopeltis schoutedeni<\/jats:italic>\n                    Reuter, the leaf\u2010footed bug,\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudotheraptus devastans<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Dist.), and the coreid bug,\n                    <jats:italic>Anoplocnemis curvipes<\/jats:italic>\n                    (F.), which feed on shoots, panicles and fruits. Their damage is characterised by withering of the latter. In Ghana,\n                    <jats:italic>Oecophylla longinoda<\/jats:italic>\n                    Latr. occurs in large numbers on cashew and other native plants, but little is known about its relationship with insect pests. The relationship between\n                    <jats:italic>O. longinoda<\/jats:italic>\n                    and shoot and panicle damage by sap\u2010sucking bugs and the effectiveness of\n                    <jats:italic>O. longinoda<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a biocontrol agent in the protection of cashew as compared with two chemical insecticides, lambda\u2010cyhalothrin (Karate\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and cypermethrin + dimethoate (Cyperdim\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), were therefore investigated at Bole in the northern region of Ghana.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    There was a negative correlation between numbers of\n                    <jats:italic>O. longinoda<\/jats:italic>\n                    nests and pest damage. Trees treated with cypermethrin + dimethoate (969 mg AI mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    tree\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and lambda\u2010cyhalothrin (100 mg AI mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    tree\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) recorded the smallest bug numbers, followed by\n                    <jats:italic>O. longinoda.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Trees infested by\n                    <jats:italic>Oecophylla longinoda<\/jats:italic>\n                    and trees treated with cypermethrin + dimethoate and with lambda\u2010cyhalothrin had less than 6% pest damage to shoots, panicles and fruits, while water\u2010sprayed trees recorded damage as high as 36.8% (shoots) in February, 32.9% (panicles) in February and 37.8% (fruits) in March. Cypermethrin + dimethoate again recorded the highest (485.0 kg ha\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) nut yield, followed by\n                    <jats:italic>O. longinoda<\/jats:italic>\n                    (431.0 kg ha\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), with water recording the lowest (93.0 kg ha\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) nut yield.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The results indicate that\n                    <jats:italic>O. longinoda<\/jats:italic>\n                    can be used to control some sucking bugs as effectively as some insecticides. Copyright \u00a9 2008 Society of Chemical Industry\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,10]],"date-time":"2008-09-10T11:18:18Z","timestamp":1221045498000},"page":"41-46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Investigations on\n                    <i>Oecophylla longinoda<\/i>\n                    (Latreille) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) as a biocontrol agent in the protection of cashew plantations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Emmanuel A","family":"Dwomoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakpasu VK","family":"Afun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph B","family":"Ackonor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"VN","family":"Agene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","unstructured":"Global cashew scenario. 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