{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:01:01Z","timestamp":1790035261691,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]],"date-time":"2008-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> <jats:italic>Erythrina<\/jats:italic> gall wasp (EGW), <jats:italic>Quadrastichus erythrinae<\/jats:italic> Kim, was first found on Oahu Island, Hawaii, in April 2005. Its rapid spread and infestation in wiliwili trees (<jats:italic>Erythrina<\/jats:italic> spp.) have brought an urgent need to suppress its population. Little is known about the control of EGW in wiliwili trees.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> Among the systemic insecticides abamectin, dinotefuran and imidacloprid, applied via trunk injections or soil drenches, injections of imidacloprid showed better control of EGW in wiliwili trees. All the imidacloprid injection treatments had varying levels of effectiveness against EGW, but not the soil drench. The levels of imidacloprid were higher in lower canopies than those in the other parts within a tree. Imidacloprid remained detectable 1 year after treatment. The trees injected with the products IMA\u2010jet and Merit 200 SL via Arborjet had lower infestation severity ratings for the entire growth season and carried more imidacloprid than those with Imicide via Mauget or Pointer via Wedgle injections.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> The results indicate that, among the three insecticides tested, imidacloprid is most effective against EGW in the trees. Concentrations of imidacloprid in the leaves need to be 4 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> or higher for good EGW control. Copyright \u00a9 2008 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]],"date-time":"2008-10-02T09:11:12Z","timestamp":1222938672000},"page":"163-169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Efficacy of systemic insecticides on the gall wasp <i>Quadrastichus erythrinae<\/i> in wiliwili trees (<i>Erythrina<\/i> spp.)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M","family":"Jacobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnold H","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing X","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"243","article-title":"A new species of Quadrastichus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): a gall\u2010inducing pest on Erythrina spp. (Fabaceae)","volume":"13","author":"Kim IK","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hym Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"671","volume-title":"Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii, Volume 2","author":"Wagner WL","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","unstructured":"RauchFDandDavidH Wiliwili Ornamentals and Flowers OF\u201010. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources University of Hawaii (Honolulu) at Manoa HI (1997)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","unstructured":"HeuRA TsudaDM NagamineWT YalemarJAandSuhTH Erythrina gall waspQuadrastichus erythrinaeKim (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae).New Pest Advisory Department of Agriculture Hawaii HI No. 05\u201003 (2006)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","unstructured":"RotarPP JoyRJandWeissichPR \u2018Tropic coral\u2019 tall erythrina. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources Research and Extension Service Report 072 University of Hawaii Honolulu HI (1986)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"391","article-title":"Outbreak of erythrina gall wasp on Erythrina spp. (Fabaceae) in Taiwan","volume":"46","author":"Yang MM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plant Prot Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.21.2685","article-title":"Imidacloprid action on insect neuronal acetylcholine receptors","volume":"200","author":"Buckingham SD","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1156"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2780340404"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"38","article-title":"Use of soil and trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control lace bug on hawthorn","volume":"25","author":"Gill S","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Arboric"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","unstructured":"McCulloughDG SmitleyDRandPolandT Evaluation of Insecticides to Control Emerald Ash Borer Adults and Larvae(2004). [Online]. Available:www.emeraldashborer.info\/files\/bulletin.pdf[19 September 2008]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"203","article-title":"Erratum: efficacy of Arborjet Viper microinjections in the management of hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae)","volume":"31","author":"Doccola JJ","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Arboric"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"144","article-title":"The efficacy of micro\u2010injected imidacloprid and oxydemeton\u2010methyl on red gum eucalyptus trees (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) infested with red gum lerp psyllid (Glycaspis brimblecombei)","volume":"28","author":"Young LC","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Arboric"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","unstructured":"New pest response guidelines: Asian longhorned beetleAnoplophora glabripennis. [Online]. USDA APHIS PPQ (2008.). Avail\u2010 able:www.aphis.usda.gov\/plant_health\/plant_pest_info\/asian_lhb\/downloads\/alb_response_guidelines.pdf[19 September 2008]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","unstructured":"SmitleyDR Professional Guide to Emerald Ash Borer Treatments(2005). [Online]. Available:www.emeraldashborer.info\/files\/ProfessionalEABGuide.pdf[19 September 2008]."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf062004e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2003.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.48044\/jauf.2006.017","article-title":"Imidacloprid concentrations in green ash after two trunk\u2010injection methods","volume":"32","author":"Harell M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arboriculture & Urban Forestry"}],"container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fps.1663","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.1663","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T11:43:49Z","timestamp":1761047029000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ps.1663"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ps.1663"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ps.1663","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-498X","1526-4998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-498X","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-02-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-04-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-10-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}