{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T19:50:42Z","timestamp":1791143442623,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]],"date-time":"2010-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1288137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> Knockdown resistance (<jats:italic>kdr<\/jats:italic>) mutation (L1014F) is a well\u2010defined mechanism of resistance to pyrethroids and DDT in many insect species. Sensitive detection of the mutations associated with resistance is a prerequisite for resistance management strategies. The authors have developed a new real\u2010time molecular diagnostic assay based on SimpleProbe<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\/melting curve analysis for large\u2010scale <jats:italic>kdr<\/jats:italic> genotyping in the wild population of <jats:italic>Culex quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic> Say, the principal vector of bancroftian filariasis. Melting curve analysis is based on the thermal stability difference between matched and mismatched DNA duplexes. The application of SimpleProbe<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> chemistry in insects described here is novel in entomology research.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> The mosquitoes homozygous for knockdown\u2010resistant and knockdown\u2010susceptible allele showed melting peaks at 60.45 \u00b0C ( \u00b1 0.25) and 64.09 \u00b0C ( \u00b1 0.24) respectively. The heterozygous mosquitoes yielded both peaks at approximately 60.5 \u00b0C ( \u00b1 0.2) and 64.20 \u00b0C ( \u00b1 0.23). Among the 92 samples genotyped, 16 were found to be homozygous resistant, 44 homozygous susceptible and 32 heterozygous. Comparative assessments were made of all the reported methods for <jats:italic>kdr<\/jats:italic> genotyping.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> The present method is cheaper, faster, more reliable and versatile than other alternatives proposed in detecting correct <jats:italic>kdr<\/jats:italic> genotypes in mosquitoes. This is the first report using a single\u2010labelled hybridisation probe to detect point mutations in insect populations. Copyright \u00a9 2010 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]],"date-time":"2010-10-27T12:47:54Z","timestamp":1288183674000},"page":"156-161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["High\u2010throughput approach to detection of knockdown resistance (<i>kdr<\/i>) mutation in mosquitoes, <i>Culex quinquefasciatus<\/i>, based on real\u2010time PCR using single\u2010labelled hybridisation probe\/melting curve analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Manas","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indra","family":"Baruah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi B","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparajita","family":"Borkotoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indra Kumar","family":"Bhattacharyya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.6.2.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0965-1748(02)00097-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"491","article-title":"Strategies and tools for the control\/elimination of lymphatic filariasis","volume":"75","author":"Ottesen EA","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bull WHO"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.en.34.010189.000453"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(92)90075-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-6-111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02173204"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/3527602038.ch14"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.392"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0965-1748(03)00023-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.1998.72062.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9063(199910)55:10<1012::AID-PS39>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.2000.00209.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-4-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-5-56"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300000237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-5-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.658","article-title":"A new high\u2010performance PCR diagnostic for the detection of pyrethroid knockdown resistance kdr in Anopheles gambiae","volume":"74","author":"Tripet F","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-154"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.2144\/03346pf01","article-title":"The LightTyper (TM): high\u2010throughput genotyping using fluorescent melting curve analysis","volume":"34","author":"Bennett CD","year":"2003","journal-title":"BioTechniques"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1997.2427"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2009.00805.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","first-page":"4","article-title":"Optimization of LightTyper genotyping assays","volume":"3","author":"Gameau LD","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochemica"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2007.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","first-page":"91","article-title":"High\u2010throughput SNP genotyping by melting curve analysis for resistance to southern root\u2010knot nematode and frogeye leaf spot in soybean","volume":"11","author":"Ha BK","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Crop Sci Biotech"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2005.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2007.06.008"}],"container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fps.2044","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.2044","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T10:49:59Z","timestamp":1761043799000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ps.2044"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ps.2044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ps.2044","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-498X","1526-4998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-498X","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-08-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-10-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}