{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:48:40Z","timestamp":1789537720718,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,23]],"date-time":"2012-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND: Field studies guided by genetic monitoring of <jats:italic>Vkorc1<\/jats:italic> need to be done to implicate mutations conclusively with rodent control problems due to the presence of animals resistant to anticoagulant rodenticides. Rodent control success in relation to <jats:italic>Vkorc1<\/jats:italic> genotypes in house mice (<jats:italic>Mus musculus domesticus<\/jats:italic>) was studied on two farms (I and II) in Germany. Tests were carried out to determine whether certain resistance profiles and <jats:italic>Vkorc1<\/jats:italic> genotypes displayed dynamics over the course of sequential treatments with warfarin and difenacoum that were consistent with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <jats:italic>Vkorc1<\/jats:italic> as indicators of resistance.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS: On farms I and II, respectively, three (A to C) and two (A and B) types of control problem with anticoagulants (i.e. proxies for resistance) were encountered in spatially segregated subunits: A = none; B = control problems with warfarin but not with difenacoum; C = control problems with both anticoagulants. Unexpectedly, resistance was encountered in a population where only <jats:italic>Vkorc1<\/jats:italic> wild\u2010type mice were detected. In addition, the Arg58Gly <jats:italic>Vkorc1<\/jats:italic> variant was found not to correlate with observed control failures.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION: Control problems were encountered that cannot be explained by <jats:italic>Vkorc1<\/jats:italic> coding or intronic SNPs, and therefore are likely due to non\u2010coding <jats:italic>Vkorc1<\/jats:italic> SNPs or due to other genetic or non\u2010genetic factors. \u00a9 2012 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.3306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]],"date-time":"2012-02-15T07:27:33Z","timestamp":1329290853000},"page":"409-413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["<i>Vkorc1<\/i> variation in house mice during warfarin and difenacoum field trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Endepols","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Klemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H","family":"Kohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","article-title":"Novel mutations in the VKORC1 gene of wild rats and mice\u2014a response to 50 years of selection pressure by warfarin?","volume":"10","author":"Rost S","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.06.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.20144"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(94)90130-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2780430109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)83566-4","article-title":"Comparison of different forms of liver, kidney and lung microsomal cytochrome P\u2010450 by immunological inhibition of regia\u2010 and stereoselective metabolism of warfarin","volume":"254","author":"Kaminsky LS","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(90)90116-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1998.00721.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"EPPO standards PP 1\/114(2). 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