{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:53:37Z","timestamp":1786978417855,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]],"date-time":"2012-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1337040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      BACKGROUND: Red\u2010billed quelea (\n                      <jats:italic>Quelea quelea<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) are controlled at breeding colonies and roosts by organophosphate sprays or explosions. Contamination with organophosphates after sprays and with petroleum products and phthalates after explosions was assessed.\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      RESULTS: Concentrations in soil of the organophosphate fenthion the day after sprays were uneven (0\u201329.5 \u00b5g g\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), which was attributable to excess depositions at vehicle turning points, incorrect positioning of nozzles and poor equipment maintenance. A laboratory study using field\u2010collected samples provided an estimate of 47 days for the half\u2010life of fenthion. After sprays, fenthion persisted in soil for up to 188 days. High concentrations were detected 5 months after negative results at the same sites, providing indirect evidence of leaching. Concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and phthalates ranged from 0.05 to 130.81 (mean 18.69) \u00b5g g\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      and from 0 to 1.62 (mean 0.55) \u00b5g g\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      respectively in the craters formed by the explosions, but declined to means of 0.753 and 0.027 \u00b5g g\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      at 10 m away. One year after an explosion, mean TPHs of 0.865 and mean phthalates of 0.609 were detected.\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>CONCLUSION: Localisation of high concentrations of fenthion likely to have effects on soil biota could be mitigated by improved spray management. Given a half\u2010life in the soil of 47 days for fenthion and the possibility of its leaching months after applications raises concerns about its acceptability. The pollutants left behind after explosions have been quantified for the first time, and, given their long\u2010term persistence, their continued use poses a threat to environmental health. \u00a9 2012 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.3311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,15]],"date-time":"2012-03-15T08:56:45Z","timestamp":1331801805000},"page":"386-396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Soil contamination and persistence of pollutants following organophosphate sprays and explosions to control red\u2010billed quelea (\n                    <i>Quelea quelea<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Robert A","family":"Cheke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enoch","family":"Adranyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dudley I","family":"Farman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard N","family":"Magoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Collen","family":"Mbereki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew N","family":"McWilliam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boaz N","family":"Mtobesya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etienne","family":"van der Walt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Africa's Bird Pest","author":"Elliott CCH","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"90","volume-title":"Africa's Feathered Locust","author":"Elliott CCH","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-919X.1971.tb05158.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0376892904001213"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10646-012-0911-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"Fenthion (039). [Online]. Food and Agriculture Organisation (1995). Available:http:\/\/www.fao.org\/ag\/AGP\/AGPP\/Pesticid\/JMPR\/Download\/95_eva\/fenthion.pdf. Accessed [30 August 2011]."},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_6_8_1.1","unstructured":"Pesticide residues in food. Report of the 1971 Joint Meeting of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the WHO Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues. WHO Technical Report Series No. 502 (1971)"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_6_8_1.2","unstructured":"FAO Agricultural Studies No. 88 (1972)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-2862-2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","volume-title":"Pesticide Profiles: Insecticides and Miticides","author":"Harding WC","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Workshop on Research Priorities for Migrant Pests of Agriculture in Southern Africa, 24\u201326 March 1999, Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria, South Africa","author":"van der Walt E","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Africa's Bird Pest","author":"Meinzingen WW","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1248\/jhs.47.129","article-title":"Comparative photodegradation study of fenthion and disulfoton under irradiation of different light sources in liquid\u2010 and solid\u2010phases","volume":"47","author":"Hirahara Y","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hlth Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","unstructured":"Toxicological profile for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). Research Triangle Institute unpublished report prepared for the US Department of Health and Human Services (1999)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(97)00557-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2003.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2004.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(02)00119-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0038-0717(90)90185-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3846\/jeelm.2010.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2007.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Oil, grease and used petroleum oil management and environmental economic issues","volume":"26","author":"Pawlak Z","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Achiev Mater Mfg Engng"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(02)01003-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0738-859991229242"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2004.05.003"}],"container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fps.3311","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fps.3311","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.3311","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:21:19Z","timestamp":1761060079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ps.3311"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ps.3311"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ps.3311","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-498X","1526-4998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-498X","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-09-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-03-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-05-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}