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Although temephos is not currently used to control <jats:italic>C. quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic>, the species might be under a selection process from incidental exposure to this compound. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility status of <jats:italic>C. quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic> to temephos, using bioassays, and to investigate its putative resistance mechanisms through biochemical assays and screening of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G119S<\/jats:styled-content> mutation in the acetylcholinesterase gene, which is associated with organophosphate resistance, carried out by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> and sequencing.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>The results showed that only mosquitoes from Santa Cruz do Capibaribe (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>) had an alteration in their susceptibility status (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009=\u20097.2\u2010fold), while the other populations were all susceptible to the insecticide. Biochemical assays showed increased activity for all esterases in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SC<\/jats:styled-content>, as well as evidence of acetylcholinesterase insensitivity. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G119S<\/jats:styled-content> mutation was detected in this population with a frequency of 0.11, but it was not found in the remaining populations.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>These data show that mechanisms of temephos resistance have been selected in natural <jats:italic>C. quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic> populations from Pernambuco, which could undermine future control actions. \u00a9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.3502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]],"date-time":"2013-04-10T14:19:35Z","timestamp":1365603575000},"page":"1307-1314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Susceptibility status of <i>Culex quinquefasciatus<\/i> (Diptera: Culicidae) populations to the chemical insecticide temephos in Pernambuco, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Liliane Barbosa","family":"Amorim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es\/FIOCRUZ  Recife\u2010PE Brazil"},{"name":"Postgraduate Programme of Animal Biology\/UFPE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisama","family":"Helvecio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es\/FIOCRUZ  Recife\u2010PE Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia Maria Fontes","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es\/FIOCRUZ  Recife\u2010PE Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Const\u00e2ncia Fl\u00e1via Junqueira","family":"Ayres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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