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The relatively recent recognition of triazole resistance in <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic> has prompted questioning of the origin of resistance. While multiple mechanisms are described in clinical isolates from triazole\u2010treated patients, some <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> resistance is also recognised, especially attributable to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L98H<\/jats:styled-content>. Such strains probably arose in the environment, and, indeed, multiple studies have now demonstrated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TR<jats:sub>34<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L98H<\/jats:styled-content> triazole resistance strains of <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic> from soil. Docking and other <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> studies are consistent with environmental resistance induction through exposure to certain triazole fungicides, notably difenoconazole, propiconazole, epoxiconazole, bromuconazole and tebuconazole. This article addresses the potential implications of this issue for both human health and food security. \u00a9 2013 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.3567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]],"date-time":"2013-04-24T13:47:11Z","timestamp":1366811231000},"page":"173-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Environmental fungicides and triazole resistance in <i>Aspergillus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Bowyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Aspergillosis Centre University Hospital of South Manchester; Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W","family":"Denning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Aspergillosis Centre University Hospital of South Manchester; Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70265-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","unstructured":"Risk assessment on the impact of environmental usage of triazoles on the development and spread of resistance to medical triazoles inAspergillusspecies. 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