{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:06:35Z","timestamp":1790269595602,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]],"date-time":"2014-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>In S\u00e3o Paulo city, rodent infestation is considered to be a serious public health problem and is the object of a municipal rodent control programme. One of the most important routine methods involves baiting in sewers, using bromadiolone block bait in a pulsed baiting strategy. It has been observed that, after each pulse, bait is not always consumed, and its appearance is altered, which has led to concerns about efficacy. We assessed whether exposure to sewer conditions influences the palatability and efficacy of rodenticide baits to Norway rats (<jats:italic>Rattus norvegicus<\/jats:italic>). Baits containing bromadiolone as active ingredient were placed in sewers, removed after 30 days and offered to rats in a two\u2010choice food trial and a no\u2010choice food trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The appearance of the rodenticide baits changed after 30 days exposure to sewer conditions, but they continued to be palatable and effective against rats. The level of mortality was considered to be satisfactory, 75% in the two\u2010choice food trial and 100% in the no\u2010choice food trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results support the reuse of rodenticide block bait in rodent control. It seems to be justified to continue using\/reuse baits even when their appearance has changed after 30 days exposure in sewer systems. \u00a9 2014 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.3944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,25]],"date-time":"2014-11-25T04:30:37Z","timestamp":1416889837000},"page":"1414-1418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Palatability and efficacy of bromadiolone rodenticide block bait previously exposed to environmental conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Lia","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Institute Environmental Protection Centre  S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"de Masi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Municipality of S\u00e3o Paulo, Municipal Health Secretary  S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emerson","family":"Narciso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Institute Environmental Protection Centre  S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hildebrando Montenegro","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Municipality of S\u00e3o Paulo, Municipal Health Secretary  S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solange","family":"Papini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Municipality of S\u00e3o Paulo, Municipal Health Secretary  S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10340-010-0290-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","unstructured":"Leptospirosis surveillance and rodent control program of S\u00e3o Paulo. COVISA Health Surveillance Department Municipal Health Secretary S\u00e3o Paulo (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","unstructured":"DATASUS. [Online]. Health Information Department Brazilian Ministry of Health Brasilia (2008). Available:http:\/\/www2.datasus.gov.br\/DATASUS\/index.php?area=0203[18 May 2013]."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09603120802592723"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","article-title":"Rodents in S\u00e3o Paulo city, Brazil: dwelling infestation rate survey and its relationship to socio\u2010economical and environmental factors","author":"Masi E","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dissertation"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408410902989837"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","volume-title":"Rats and mice: their biology and control","author":"Meehan AP","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","unstructured":"Rodents Control Manual(in Portuguese). [Online]. FUNASA Brazilian National Health Foundation Brazil Ministry of Health Brasilia (2002). Available:http:\/\/www.saude.am.gov.br\/fvs\/docs\/manual_roedores.pdf[10 December 2014]."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","unstructured":"BrooksJE Methods of sewer rat control.Proc 1st Vertebrate Pest Conf Paper 17 (1962). [Online]. Available:http:\/\/digitalcommons.unl.edu\/vpcone\/17[21 July 2012]."},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"Anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication in animals \u2013 a review","volume":"32","author":"Valchev I","year":"2008","journal-title":"Turk J Vet Anim Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","volume-title":"Toxicology of Pesticides","author":"Larini L","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","unstructured":"National Sewer Baiting Protocol Best Practice and Guidance Document. [Online]. NPAP Pest Advisory Panel of the Chartered Institute of Environmental Health (2013). 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